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Description
Blockchain can create incentives for collective action (especially in relation to climate change). Economic incentives can be engineered around solving problems that are not profitable to solve like climate change. By building incentivization structures in unique ways, we can tackle some of the problems in the world that require collective action. Ethereum, after all, was built around a shared vision - a variation of libertarianism that wants most things run by communities and people.
- Sustainable Blockchain Summit LATAM 2022 - https://sbs.tech/
A
A
Hello,
everyone
I'm
so
excited
to
be
here
and
talk
to
you
guys
today
about
a
couple
ideas
that
I've
been
pondering
in
the
climate
Tech
space.
Today
I'm
going
to
be
talking
to
you
about
how
you
can
incentivize
climate
action
with
the
blockchain,
how
can
blockchain
play
a
role
in
helping
us
develop
better
climate?
A
So
I
want
to
start
off
with
a
story,
because
I
think
it
often
gives
us
a
better
idea
what
blockchain
is
interpreted
by
by
the
outside
world?
Essentially
when
I
first
started
off
in
the
blockchain
space,
I
took
to
Reddit
and
I
wanted
to
see
what
people
were
excited
about.
You
know
like
what
was
the
cool
thing
that
everyone
was
talking
about
and
I
came
across,
I
went
to
Reddit
and
I
saw
one
redditor
about
this
I
researched
most.
A
My
conclusion
is
it's
a
crowd-based
Ponzi
scheme
criminals,
terrorists,
money
laundering,
as
you
can
see,
blockchain
generally
gets
a
pretty
bad
rap
and
I
promise.
My
drawings
will
get
slightly
better
as
we
go
on.
I
think
that
blockchain
gets
a
bad
rap
because
generally
associated
with
something
like
Bitcoin
now
Bitcoin
is
very
energy.
Intensive
and
people
think
that
you
know
how
could
something
this
bad
possibly
do
any
sort
of
good
in
the
economy.
A
This
is
simply
not
the
case
now,
as
long-term
crypto
enthusiasts
we're
often
trying
to
think
of
you
know.
How
can
we
apply
blockchain
to
solve
this
problem
and
a
lot
of
the
solutions
that
I've
seen
at
the
summit
have
even
been
like?
Okay,
we
have
this
wonderful
technology.
How
do
we
use
it
to
solve
this
big
problem
that
we
haven't
been
able
to
solve
for
many
years
now?
A
This
meme
I
think
perfectly
illustrates
why
blockchain
Solutions
look
like
for
real
world
applications.
Now,
I'll
save
you
the
one
minute,
one
minute
GIF,
but
I
think
what
what
I'm
trying
to
show
here
is
that
we're
constantly
seeking
ways
that
we
can
just
tack
on
blockchain
to
different
applications,
instead
of
actually
understanding
the
problem.
So
what
I
want
to
talk
to
you
about
today?
Isn't
blockchain
crypto
web
3
or
you
know
anything
any
kind
of
technology.
I
want
to
talk
about
climate.
A
Why
is
climate
such
a
uniquely
difficult
problem
to
solve,
and
why
have
we
not
solved
it
like?
We
solved
every
other
problem
that
exists
today.
So
let's
talk
about
climate,
why
is
climate
hard
man
hasn't
progressed
to
say
my
technology
or
Healthcare
as
over
the
past
50
to
100
years?
It's
simply
not
been
the
same,
and
this
is
because
there's
a
lot
of
environmentalists
that
have
been
in
this
space
for
a
very
long
time
and
they're,
making
slow,
gradual,
linear
progress,
but
it's
not
it's
not
anything
special.
The
only
difference
is
now.
We
have.
A
Now
we
have
things
like
greater
battery
efficiencies
and
wireless
electricity
and
offshore
wind
turbines.
We
have
all
this
new
technology,
yet
we're
not
making
as
much
progress
as
we'd
like
to
so
my
question
is
we
have
all
this
technology?
Why
is
it
getting
worse
like
exponentially?
Worse
time,
it
is
it.
Climate
is
just
not
really
paying
attention
to
how
technology
technological
Trends
are
progressing.
Yeah
we're
just
seeing
the
global
CO2
atmosphere.
Concentration
is
increasing
exponentially
now,
I
want
to
distill
what
I
believe
makes
climate
such
a
difficult
problem
to
solve.
A
The
first
is
the
problem
with
Collective
action.
We're
seeing
that
countries
don't
actually
want
to
collaborate
and
work
together,
because
because
it's
just
easier
for
them
to
just
do
what's
inside,
what's
what's
independently
better
for
them.
The
collective
action
problem
is
basically
when
rational,
self-interested
decisions
of
individuals
are
essentially
making
the
circumstances
of
the
entire
group
a
whole
lot.
Worse.
There's
no
incentive
for
me
as
a
country
to
try
to
cut
greenhouse
gas
emissions
because
now
I'm
facing
many
more
problems.
A
For
example,
a
lot
of
my
economy
May
rely
on
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
and
now,
if
I
cut
those
emissions,
my
economy
is
suffering.
Maybe
this
would
help
put
it
into
a
better
perspective
on
an
individual
level.
This
is
why
Collective
action
doesn't
really
work,
because
everyone
acting
in
the
best
interest
of
themselves,
makes
life
worse
for
everyone
as
a
whole.
A
A
A
Now,
there's
two
reasons
for
this:
first
is
historical
emissions
we've
already
produced
so
many
greenhouse
gas
emissions
that
we
aren't
able
to
compensate
for
it.
We
not
only
need
to
get
to
Net
Zero,
but
we
need
to
be
net
negative.
The
second
is
politics,
we're
seeing
that
presidential
elections
are
lasting
two
to
six
years,
so
presidential
leaders
are
more
incentivized
to
focus
on
short-term
growth
over
long-term
incentives.
A
Put
this
into
perspective.
We,
the
average
age
of
a
global
leader
today,
is
68
years
old.
That's
just
averages
now
think
about
the
most
powerful
nations
in
the
world.
A
lot
of
those
averages
are
a
lot
a
lot
higher
right,
like
Joe
Biden,
is
almost
80.
we're
seeing
that
Net
Zero
to
reach
Net
Zero
by
2050,
which
is
a
common
Benchmark
for
a
lot
of
climate
government
organizations.
A
Big
climate
policy,
I
believe,
would
have
to
offer
concrete
benefits
outside
of
its
impact
on
emissions.
To
overcome
this
time,
disconnect
something
like
greater
job,
security
or
energy
security,
or
even
something
like
Bitcoin,
could
be
a
great
incentive
for
people
to
line
their
long-term
and
short-term
growth.
A
The
third
problem,
I
believe,
is
they
pay
now
and
pay
later
problem
we're
seeing
that
we're
not
we're
not
having
we're
not
only
having
to
pay
now,
but
we're
also
going
to
be
paying
leader
for
the
consequences
of
our
actions.
Two
reasons
for
this,
because
there
are
two
costs
that
we
see.
First,
is
a
response
to
extreme
weather.
So
if
we
look
at
problems
like
wildfires
and
floods,
we're
seeing
that
these
problems
are
made
exponentially
worse
by
the
results
of
climate
change,
whereas
also
these
problems
are
just
becoming
these
problems.
A
A
So
if
you're
thinking
about
climate
economics
at
this
point,
you're
probably
wondering
you
know
how
do
we
get
people
to
do
the
things
that
we
want
them
to?
Do?
I
see
a
lot
of
problems
with
climate
economics
today,
there's
not
enough
research
for
ignoring
tail
risks,
where
focusing
way
too
much
on
carbon
taxes,
carbon
offsets,
as
if
those
are
the
only
solutions
to
our
very
big
problem.
That's
simply
not
the
case.
A
What
we're
seeing
is
in
the
90s
and
early
2000s
climate
climate
Tech
was
a
very
difficult
problem,
because
green
energy
was
very
expensive,
so
climate
economists
were
brought
in
to
try
to
balance
the
balance.
The
economic
trade-off
with
the
environmental
benefits
of
climate,
but
that's
not
the
case
anymore,
but
technology
costs
of
solar
and
wind
power
Technologies
are
continuing
to
fall,
so
we're
seeing
that
it's
actually
becoming
a
lot
cheaper
and
more
effective
to
switch
to
Green
energy.
A
A
The
other
big
problem
with
climate
economics
is
we're
still
focusing
on
playbooks
that
were
created
by
older
people,
and
they
did
some
of
their
best
work
when
they
were
when
climate
economics
would
have
really
hurt
the
economy.
I
think
what
we're
seeing
is
we're
still
operating
by
the
same
playbooks
of
these
people,
who
aren't
again
going
to
be
alive
by
the
10
to
2050
and
we're
still
focusing
on
the
trade-offs
that
we
could
be
making,
instead
of
the
fact
that
we
have
so
much
more
technology.
Now
we
have
blockchain
ai
ml.
A
All
these
amazing
technologies
that
can
help
us
solve
these
really
big
problems.
You
know,
I'll
quote:
Matt
I'll
quote
Max
playing
now,
because
I
remember,
he
said:
science
makes
progress,
one
Death
at
a
time
now.
That's
really
interesting
because
we
see
that,
as
as
science
continues
to
evolve,
we're
not
evolving
our
mindsets
and
our
economics
I
still
believe
that
analyzing
long-term
trade-offs
we're
focusing
way
too
much
on
that.
Instead
of
asking
ourselves,
how
do
we
simply
switch
to
Green
energy
faster.
A
So
I
truly
believe
blockchain
is
a
key
stepping
stone
in
getting
us
there.
How
do
we
align
short-term
incentives,
get
people
to
think
in
the
long
term,
while
also
getting
more
of
that
benefit
without
actually
having
to
worry
about
economically
compromising
themselves,
but
why?
Why
is
blockchain
so
uniquely
Adept
to
help
us
solve
this
problem?
A
There's
two
different
components
of
the
blockchain
that
make
it
very
important,
verifiability
and
interoperability
everyone's
familiar
with
this,
so
I'll
skip
over
this.
Basically,
what
we're
seeing
is
that
with
web
2
Technologies
and
if
we
just
layer
a
layer
of
accounting
on
top
of
it,
we
see
that
complex
climate
problems
cannot
be
reduced
to
simple
price
signals.
So
something
like
this,
where
we
have
a
lot
of
different
factors
like
skill,
similarity
dominance,
effects,
type
of
similarity
productivity.
All
these
different
ideas
cannot
be
reduced
to
a
simple
price
signal.
A
So
if
we
were
to
compare
the
economic
impact
of
one
area
over
another,
we're
not
going
to
be
able
to
do
this
by
simply
using
web
2
Technologies
as
a
lot
of
the
data
might
be
tampered
with
so
I'm
going
to
try
to
reduce
this
to
two
different
diagrams.
If
you
see
the
first
part
of
land,
it's
continuous,
the
second
is
fragmented.
A
Programmable
money
is
really
interesting
because
we
can
pass
data
from
increasingly
robust
models
throughout
the
economy.
Now
what
this
means
is
that,
as
long
as
we
have
economic
models
that
we
can
try
out
and
technology
that
we're
interested
in,
we
can
we
can
put
those
into
the
economy
and
see
how
they
might
interact
with
the
environment.
A
Let's
give
an
example
of
this:
these
are
smart
contracts.
Let's
say
you
go
to
a
hotel
right
and
your
your
the
hotel
manager
tells
you
you
know
if
you
turn
off
your
lights
and
you
use
a
little
bit
less
water
and
you
have
to
take
shorter
showers,
we'll
give
you
10
of
your
stay
back.
That's
really
cool,
because
now
you
have
a
smart
contract
that
can
automatically
dispense.
You
rewards
by
incentivizing
you
to
active,
cleaner.
A
better
example
of
this
would
be
Farmers.
A
Insurance
Farmers
Insurance
is
a
notoriously
hard
problem,
because
climate
or
not
climate
insurance
companies
are
constantly
ripping
off
farmers
and
saying
that
you
know
like
there's
many
different
reasons
why
your
crops
didn't
grow.
There's
many
different
reasons
why
this
could
have
happened,
but
with
blockchain
we
can
actually
ensure
that
people
are
getting
the
rewards
that
they
deserve
transparently
and
fairly
there's.
A
really
big
reason
for
this
is
because
farmers
are
now
decent,
de-incentivized
from
growing
produce,
because
they
think
it's
a
risky
business
insurance
isn't
really
even
helping
them.
A
So,
instead,
what
we
see
is
that
we
can
create
a
more
financially
stable
future
for
human
for
Farmers,
but
we
can
also
create
a
more
globally
secure
supply
chain,
we're
going
to
see
a
shift
in
global
consumption
habits.
As
I
said
before,
Collective
action
starts
with
the
individual,
it's
not
about
entire
countries.
We
can
no
longer
rely
on
legislation.
Mark
contracts
are
really
a
great
tool
for
incentivizing
participation
in
global
green
initiatives
and
getting
people
to
act.
A
Now
what
this
means
is
something
like
satellite
data
or
blockchains
cannot
really
interact
easily
together,
and
that
creates
huge
problems
today.
What
we're
seeing
is
blockchains
can
interact
with
multiple
oracles.
They
can
which
can
interact
with
the
analytics
iot
data
market
data.
All
these
different
ideas,
which
can
reduce
these
complex
ecosystems
and
environments,
to
a
single
price
signal
not
like
web
2,
can
do
so.
A
A
A
We're
going
to
be
needing
a
lot
more
technological
improvements,
minor
improvements,
I
truly
believe
will
have-
will
make
the
world
of
a
difference,
especially
when
we're
considering
how
it
can
be
applied
to
many
different
applications.
This
is
an
example
of
something
that
I've
been
working
on
for
the
past
year,
basically
in
cryptographic,
Automation,
and
how
we
can
automate
the
discovery
of
vulnerabilities
and
blockchains.
A
Now
ethereum
was
built
around
the
sense
of
community
and
the
sense
of
belonging
and
and
and
Innovation
really
what
we're.
What
we
want
to
see
now
is
initiatives
and
solutions
to
the
world's
biggest
problems
being
run
by
communities
and
people
and
not
legislation
and
the
government,
because
we
truly
have
to
take
this
problem
into
our
own
hands
and
figure
out
how
we
can
make
a
true
impact
in
the
climate
space.