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From YouTube: 3/30/2021 - Senate Committee on Judiciary
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A
All
right,
then,
I
will
call
this
meeting
to
order.
This
is
the
nevada
senate
committee
on
judiciary
today
is
march
30th,
and
I
would
ask
the
esteemed
secretary
to
please
call
the
rule.
C
A
Cherish
eiball
here,
thank
you,
and
today
we
are
joined
by
our
illustrious
staff
from
the
legislative
council
bureau.
Patrick
guinon
is
with
us
our
policy
analyst
as
well
as
nick
anthony
our
committee
council,
and
we
have
one
bill
on
our
agenda
today.
It
is
my
bill,
so
I
will
be
handing
over
the
proverbial
gavel
gavel
to
our
vice
chair
majority,
leader
canazarro.
B
And
thank
you
chair
scheible.
We
will
go
ahead
and
welcome
the
committee
and
everyone
joining
us
virtually
to
the
committee
on
judiciary.
We
have
one
bill
on
our
agenda.
It
is
senate
bill
164.
from
our
very
own,
chair
schreibel,
and
we
are
going
to
go
ahead
and
open
up
that
hearing
chair
schreibel.
We
welcome
you
to
the
committee
to
present
your
senate
bill
164
and
you
may
begin
when
you
are
ready
so.
A
Much
a
good
afternoon,
a
senate
judiciary
committee,
my
name
is
melanie
scheible
and
I
am
the
state
senator
representing
district
9.
today.
I
am
proud
to
present
sb
164
to
you
alongside
three
co-presenters
stephanie
tucker
is
a
licensed
clinical
mental
health
counselor,
treating
survivors
of
human
trafficking
and
is
a
member
of
the
sex
workers.
Alliance
of
nevada
caitlyn
is
also
leader
with
the
sex
workers,
alliance
of
nevada
and
we're
joined
by
ross
armstrong
from
the
division
of
family,
child
and
family
services
within
the
department
of
health
and
human
services.
A
I
prosecute
criminal
cases
ranging
quite
literally
from
traffic
tickets
to
murders,
and
I
work
with
hundreds
of
victims
and
their
families.
Speaking
for
myself
and
not
for
the
office
that
employs
me
in
my
work
as
a
prosecutor,
it
is
daunting
and
frustrating
and
heartbreaking
to
encounter
larger-than-life
systematic
abuses
of
people
like
the
human
trafficking
trade.
Sometimes
I
encounter
victims
of
human
trafficking
when
they
are
being
charged
with
misdemeanor
crimes
like
soliciting
prostitution
or
trespassing.
A
If
I
truly
believed
that
rescue
was
arrest,
I
would
not
be
before
you
today.
I
don't
believe
that
we
are
rescuing
anybody
by
arresting
them.
It's
simply
not
been
my
experience.
I
think
ms
turner
will
elucidate
this
point
and
some
data
specific
to
nevada
and
some
personal
stories
will
also
come
out
during
testimony.
A
While
this
has
been
my
experience,
I
am
not
afraid
for
reasonable
minds
to
disagree.
That's
why
I
brought
the
bill
forward
in
its
original
form
to
provide
complete
immunity
to
any
victim
of
human
trafficking
for
committing
a
crime
under
the
duress
of
being
trafficked.
I
understand
that
as
written,
the
bill
would
provide
an
escape
patch
for
every
person
arrested
on
charges
of
soliciting
prostitution
to
claim
that
they
are
a
victim
of
human
trafficking
and
be
relieved
of
responsibility
for
crimes
they
have
committed.
I
do
not
support
allowing
criminals
to
escape
prosecution.
A
I've
been
committed
to
working
with
the
broad
coalition
of
stakeholders
to
find
a
policy
that
would
both
protect
victims
of
human
trafficking
from
arrest
and
prosecution,
while
maintaining
the
tools
necessary
to
prosecute
pimps,
traffickers
and
panderers.
A
philosophical
disagreement
underpins
this
hearing,
which
you
will
hear
from
my
partners
in
law.
Law
enforcement
they'll
oppose
this
bill
because
it
hampers
their
ability
to
do
their
jobs
in
the
way
they've
always
done
them.
A
We
may
never
agree
on
that
fundamental
philosophical
difference
in
opinion,
but
that
doesn't
mean
that
we
can't
all
be
partners
and
be
part
of
the
solution,
and
that's
why
I
proposed
a
very
substantial
amendment
that
was
provided
to
members
of
the
committee
by
email
and
which
is
available
for
everyone
following
along
on
nellis,
when
my
partners
in
law
enforcement
expressed
to
me
their
concern
that
this
bill
would
take
away.
One
of
the
tools
in
their
tool
belt
without
providing
a
meaningful
alternative.
I
listened.
A
A
The
amendment
is
modeled
after
sb
293
of
the
2019
legislative
session,
which
you
will
hear
about
from
mr
armstrong,
which
has
worked
very
well
sb293
of
the
2019
session,
established
the
c-sec,
the
study
of
sexually
exploited
children
and
established
a
plan
for
addressing
child
sexual
exploitation.
Here
in
the
state
of
nevada,
I
am
requesting
that
we
implement
a
similar
process
for
addressing
human
trafficking
of
adults
too.
So
here's
what
the
sections
of
the
amendment
do
section
one
establishes
the
coordinator
of
services
for
victims
of
human
trafficking.
A
Section
two
specifies
that
the
coordinator
may
be
an
employee
of
dhss,
a
contractor
or
employed
by
a
partner
organization.
This
is
one
of
the
sections
I'm
still
working
on
with
my
partners
and
the
other
stakeholders
to
come
up
with
the
the
right
structure.
For
this
position,
section
three
outlines
the
duties
of
the
coordinator
of
services,
which
includes
developing
the
statewide
plan
with
stakeholders
and
section
4
provides
with
more
detail
the
requirements
of
the
plan.
A
The
goal
is
actually
to
curtail
the
conversations
in
committees
like
ours,
about
how
we
determine
who
is
a
victim
and
who
is
not
a
victim
and
instead
hand
it
over
to
the
experts
in
the
field
for
them
to
tell
us
section.
5
requires
that
the
plan
be
submitted
to
the
acha,
and
I
remain
committed
to
working
with
the
stakeholders
to
determine
who,
if
anyone
should
be
tasked
with
approving
the
plan.
A
Part
2
makes
changes
to
the
language
of
the
original
bill,
specifically
with
regards
to
the
immunity
affordable
afforded
to
victims
of
trafficking
by
changing
section,
1,
subsections,
1
and
3.
The
bill
will
specify
that
the
immunity
from
arrest
and
immediate
release
from
custody
does
not
apply
to
felony
crimes
of
violence,
as
outlined
in
the
habitual
criminal
statute.
A
I'm
very
hopeful
that
I'll
be
able
to
earn
your
support
of
sb
164,
as
it
has
been
a
long
process
to
get
to
the
place
where
we're
at
with
our
amendment.
As
I
mentioned
early
in
my
presentation,
there
are
a
wide
range
of
people
who
are
interested
in
this
problem.
All
of
them
come
to
it
with
their
own
perspectives,
their
own
expertise
and
their
own
passion
for
addressing
victims
of
human
trafficking
and
for
solving
this
problem.
As
I
as
I
outlined,
I
have
a
certain
perspective
on
what
I
believe
to
be
an
effective
solution.
A
That
sets
forth
the
path
for
a
group
of
qualified
individuals
to
work
together
to
come
up
with
a
plan
that
will
by
2023,
allow
for
us
to
stop
arresting
victims
of
human
trafficking
and
provide
them
with
supportive
services
instead
in
order
to
better
understand
the
background
of
this
bill.
In
order
to
understand
why.
I
believe
that
this
is
the
best
path
forward.
I
would
like
you
next
to
hear
from
miss
tucker,
then
miss
quinn
and
then
mr
armstrong,
who
can
elucidate
some
of
these
points,
miss
tucker.
D
Hi
there
my
name
is
stephanie
tucker,
I'm
a
licensed
mental
health
counselor
in
the
state
of
nevada
and
senator
schreibel
is
correct.
I
have,
and
I've
spoken
with
some
of
you
about
this
in
the
2019
session,
I
have
for
a
while
been
referred
victims
of
trafficking
and
for
a
while,
I
also
was
given
a
court-mandated
clients,
some
of
whom
came
to
me
because
of
their
arrests
for
trafficking.
D
I
wanted
to
share
with
you
just
a
few
things.
One
is
something
that
that
has
been
brought
up
before,
which
is
the
psychological
damage
of
arrest
and
raids
and
there's
a
study
that
was
submitted
as
evidence,
it's
dit
more
2009
and
it's
a
study
that
shows
that
people
that
are
arrested,
specifically
people
that
are
arrested
in
raids,
that
basically
they
have
psychological
trauma
from
this.
D
It's
long-standing
they
have
problems
with
mental
health,
trauma-related
stressors
and
that
this
is
completely
and
totally
preventable
by
just
treating
them
like
victims
in
the
circumstance,
instead
of
arresting
them.
There's
also
the
problem
of
deportation
that
comes
with
that
criminal
records
difficulties
with
employment
afterwards
very
similar
to
melanie
some
of
my
experiences
sitting
with
people
largely
that
they
did
something
that
was
not
their
fault,
something
that
they
did
not
have
control
over
and
that
the
end
result
was
that
their
lives
were
complete
collateral
damage.
D
Some
of
them
lost
their
children.
Some
of
them
had
difficulties
finding
housing
after
having
arrest
records,
especially
having
something
like
solicitation
and
prostitution
on
your
arrest
record
makes
a
big
difference
in
being
able
to
find
housing
unemployment
and
that
it
was
very,
very
difficult
for
people
who
are
already
impoverished
to
do
expungements.
D
It
was
very
difficult
for
them
to
find
the
time
or
have
the
ability
to
do
such
a
thing.
I
do
want
to
talk
further
about
the
impacts
of
being
arrested
and
what
this
does
to
a
person
who
is
already
victimized.
But
the
thing
that
I
would
like
you
to
to
take
from
this,
most
importantly,
is
that
it
leaves
them
with
very,
very
few
options
to
do
anything
else.
D
So
when
we
talk
about
and
and
the
police
did
talk
to
us
about
this
and
their
representatives-
and
I
think
that
they
have
wonderful
intentions-
you
know
their
intentions
are
to
take
people
away
from
traffickers.
This
is
a
very
great
intention,
but
unfortunately
I
don't
believe
that
we
are
creating
that.
I
believe
what
happens
is
someone
goes
to
jail
and
they're
away
from
their
trafficker
for
a
very
short
time
before
going
back
to
them.
D
Part
of
the
reason
I
believe
they
go
back
to
them
is
once
you
have
a
criminal
arrest
record,
it
is
very,
very
difficult
to
get
employment
in
another
place.
So
if
doing
street
based
sex
work
was
my
only
source
of
employment
and
then
I
get
arrested,
I'm
pretty
well
stuck
in
doing
something
like
that
or
doing
something
that
is
illegal
or
under
the
table.
D
I
also
want
to
add
that
the
current
system
prevents
people
who
are
being
trafficked
and
know
it
and
many
victims,
don't
know
it
just
yet
very
similar
to
the
way
domestic
violence
works.
It
prevents
them
from
actually
being
able
to
ever
come
to
a
police
officer
and
tell
them
what
is
happening.
It
creates
a
high
level
of
distrust
when
people
are
arrested
and
to
the
point
more
many.
D
Many
people
believe-
and
this
is
true
by
what
we
can
see-
that
if
they
were
to
go
to
the
police
and
they
were
to
tell
them
what
was
happening,
that
they
might
be
in
trouble,
they
might
end
up
charged
with
a
crime,
they
might
end
up
in
jail
or
prison,
and
if
you
are
not
familiar
with
the
two
cases
in
the
u.s,
where
a
pair
of
trafficked
miners
in
different
situations,
both
centoya
brown
and
crystal
keyser,
who
were
being
trafficked,
took
their
trafficking
situation
into
their
own
hands.
D
In
large
part,
I
believe,
because
they
didn't
have
a
lot
of
outlets
or
ability
to
do
anything
else.
Both
of
those
both
of
those
young
women
ended
up
going
to
prison
for
an
extended
period
of
time,
even
though
they
were
most
certainly
trafficking
victims.
D
I
wanted
to
bring
up
something
that
was
also
submitted
as
a
part
of
evidence.
This
is
from
the
coalition
to
abolish
slavery
and
trafficking.
They
wrote
a
report
and
it's
entitled
arrest
is
not
the
answer.
This
is
a
very
extensive
research
piece.
Very
similar
to
ditmore,
which
intakes
a
lot
of
information,
one
of
the
things
that
may
or
may
not
be
apparent
is
that
when
people
get
arrested
for
something
like
this,
they
often
get
arrested
multiple
times
on
the
coalition
for
abolishing
slavery
and
trafficking
rights.
D
Some
victims
are
arrested,
30
to
40
times
solely
for
trafficking
related
offenses.
Some
are
arrested
multiple
times
within
a
few
days.
These
statistics
underscore
the
key
signal
that
emerges
from
our
study.
Trafficking
victims
are
arrested
frequently
they
are
arrested
over
and
over
again
for
crimes.
They
are
forced
to
commit
the
benefit
that
is
intended
to
come
from.
Taking
them
off
the
street
by
arresting
them
is
elucitory.
D
Not
only
does
it
not
keep
them
from
reoffending,
but
it
actually
might
help
them
reoffend,
because
if
I
don't
have
a
lot
of
other
options,
I
don't
have
another
job
I
can
go
to.
Maybe
this
is
the
only
way
I
can
make
money,
or
maybe
I'm
in
an
abusive
situation
and
I'm
unable
to
get
out
of
it.
D
So
one
of
the
statistics
that
I
would
also
like
you
to
look
at
that's
in
evidence
as
well
was
this
and
I'm
just
going
to
read
this
to
you,
and-
and
this
is
quite
shocking
to
me-
and
I
I
don't
know
how
you'll
feel
about
it
when
you
hear
it
in
nevada,
out
of
12
812
arrests
for
solicitation,
engaging
in
prostitution
and
9
and
convictions,
there
were
only
162
arrests
and
only
131
convictions
for
sex
trafficking,
an
adult
recorded
between
2013
and
2019.
D
This
is
a
rate
of
just
over
one
percent
of
prostitution,
arrests
resulting
in
a
trafficking
conviction,
and
I
really
need
you
to
hear
that,
because
one
of
one
of
the
things
that's
been
presented
is
we
have
to
arrest
these
victims
so
that
we
can
get
to
their
traffickers
and,
as
you
can
see
here,
that
just
plainly
cannot
be
happening
in
our
state.
When
I
look
at
this,
this
information
again
is
available
under
evidence.
I
can
just
see
that
we
do
thousands
and
thousands
of
arrests.
D
We
do
less
on
average
than
about
one
trafficking
arrest
every
month,
then
so
we
don't
get
a
lot
of
trafficking
arrests,
we
get
even
fewer
convictions
and
the
people
who
are
victims
in
this
situation
are
used
as
pawns
and
they
are
the
people
who
ultimately
suffer
the
worst
consequences
similar
to
melanie,
I
senator
scheibel.
I
I
have
some
ideas
for
how
police
can
identify
victims
of
trafficking
at
the
point
of
arrest,
which
I
think
is
you
know
a
great
question:
how
can
that
happen?
D
You
know
compiling
some
list
of
common
signs
for
people
that
are
trafficking
victims
and
and
of
course,
there
are
many
service
organizations
like
the
cupcake
girls
who's
joining
us
today
in
testimony
that
they
would
be
able
to
help
create
that
list
awaken
some
of
the
other
organizations,
but
you
know
we
actually
have
a
good
idea
of
what
that
looks
like
as
well,
and
there
are
probably
many
police
officers
who,
if
they
thought
about
it,
would
also
know
what
that
looks
like.
D
How
can
we
deliver
services
efficiently
to
victims
without
arresting
them?
We
have
a
lot
of
ideas
on
that,
but
one
of
the
biggest
ones
is
trying
to
partner
with
with
ngos,
to
provide
those
kinds
of
services
and
on
the
subject
kind
of
with
melanie
the
idea
that
people
would
pretend
to
be
trafficking
victims.
Anyone
that
police
are
picking
up
on
the
street
is
very
likely
to
be
impoverished.
D
People
working
on
the
street
are
not
doing
something
as
safe
that
is
safe
and,
like
many
police
have
indicated
already,
almost
everyone
who
they
see
working
on
the
street
has
a
pimp
which
means
they're
being
trafficked.
We
believe
that
these
people,
you
know,
are
much
better
served,
and
all
of
us
would
be
better
served
by
giving
these
folks
resources
instead
of
arresting
them,
and
I
will
turn
it
back
over
to
the
next
speaker.
Thank
you.
So.
A
A
With
your
indulgence,
madam
vice
chair,
I
would
like
to
allow
miss
quinn
to
write
some
testimony.
Yes,
it.
E
Happens
am
I
good
good
afternoon,
everyone
caitlin
glennon
from
the
sex
workers
alliance
of
nevada.
Much
of
what
I
want
to
say
has
been
echoed
already
in
the
senator's
comments
and
ms
tucker's
comments.
E
I
do
just
want
to
stress
that
human
trafficking
is
a
complex,
multi-layered
issue
and
we
really
need
to
look
at
it
from
all
of
the
angles
and
come
up
with
some
creative
conversations
and
solutions
if
we
want
to
make
effective
legislation
moving
forward,
I'm
really
excited
by
the
opportunities
that
this
bill
provides,
and
I
do
believe
that,
by
moving
away
from
a
system
in
which
we
are
arresting
people
and
moving
towards
the
system
where
we
are
providing
resources
without
first
having
to
arrest
survivors
that
we
will
actually
make
that
lasting
change
and
put
a
dent
in
human
trafficking.
E
The
few
things
that
I
do
want
to
bring
up.
I
think
that
we
are
better
served
by
looking
at
victims
of
human
trafficking.
The
way
that
we
might
look
at
victims
of
domestic
violence
more
than
just
physically
removing
someone
from
their
abuser.
We
need
to
look
at
the
mental
manipulation
that
can
often
occur
in
these
sorts
of
circumstances.
E
It
in
many
cases
will
often
feed
into
the
narrative
that
the
trafficker
is
giving
them
that
I'm
here
to
protect
you,
I'm
the
only
one
that
cares
for
you.
Look
the
cops,
don't
want
to
help
you
they've
just
arrested
you
they've,
given
you
fines.
E
Oftentimes
folks
are
bailed
out
by
their
abusers,
just
putting
them
right
back
into
that
system.
So
I
do
believe
that
you
know
also,
as
mrs
tucker
suggested,
adding
criminal
records
only
encourages
or
ensures
that
folks
will
not
be
able
to
leave
sex
work.
How
do
you
think
these
people
are
paying
for
the
fines
that
they're,
given
it's
often
times
through
continuing
to
do
sex
work?
Having
a
criminal
record,
makes
it
very
difficult
to
get
a
traditional
method
of
employment,
also
forcing
people
to
continue
staying
in
these
trafficking
situations?
E
C
E
The
numbers
as
well
we're
not
seeing
the
consistent
numbers
of
human
trafficking,
arrests
that
would
be
in
accordance
with
the
prostitution
arrests
that
we're
seeing
it's
not
working.
E
We
need
to
look
at
other
solutions
and
I'm
excited
by
the
way
that
this
bill
takes
out
the
harmful
aspects
of
arrest
and
pushes
us
towards
a
more
holistic
nuanced
understanding
of
how
to
actually
solve
these
problems.
The
last
thing
that
I
do
want
to
bring
up
is:
this
is
not
extreme.
E
This
proposal
has
very
similar
legislation
in
other
states.
In
fact,
you
see
this,
and
this
is
almost
a
direct
copy
of
statutes
in
wyoming.
These
are
quoted
in
a
evidence.
Letter
from
the
national
lawyers
guild
nebraska
has
very
similar
statutes
on
this
as
well.
We
see
this
a
lot
in
europe,
but
in
terms
of
other
other
states,
we
have
affirmative
defense
charges
similar
to
those
seen
in
the
amendment
in
new
hampshire
montana,
south
carolina.
The
list
goes
on.
E
Nevada
is
really
really
behind
the
curb
and
creatively
dealing
with
the
solution,
and
if
we
continue
to
attack
this
problem
by
arresting
survivors,
we're
only
going
to
continue
to
make
the
problem
of
human
trafficking
worse.
I
think
it's
time
for
us
to
update
our
legislation
and
make
a
commitment
to
the
to
the
survivors
in
nevada
to
actually
stop
this
vicious
cycle
and
not
punish
them
even
more
than
they're,
already
being
victimized
by
their
traffickers.
E
B
You
you
sheriff
schreible,
do
you
have
any
additional
individuals?
Are
we
moving
on
to
mr
armstrong,
mr
armstrong,
please,
mr
amster,
when
you're
ready.
F
F
People
ask
why
dcfs
is
at
the
table
when
it
comes
to
victim
services,
but
we're
the
largest
funder
of
victim
services
in
the
state
last
session,
and
we
brought
the
voca
compensation
program
as
the
victims
of
crime
act,
compensation
and
assistance
programs
under
one
one
roof,
and
so
we're
really
trying
to
grow
into
the
role
of
being
the
victim
services
agency
for
the
state
sb
293.
The
last
session,
particularly
focused
on
children
and
moving
nevada's
response
from
a
juvenile
justice
response
to
a
human
services.
Social
services
response.
F
Such
an
abrupt
change
can
be
difficult
and
you
don't
want
to
have
gaps
primarily
in
safety
for
victims
and
survivors,
so
that
bill
allowed
the
division
to
engage
in
essentially
an
18-month
process
of
bringing
all
the
experts
to
the
table
to
engage
in
the
conversations
about.
How
do
you
shift
a
response
from
a
law
enforcement
response
to
a
human
services
response?
F
It
included
an
appropriation
for
a
contractor
that
then
reported
to
the
division
of
child
and
family
services
in
terms
of
a
performance
contract
to
deliver
the
study
that,
as
it
was
directed
in
the
statute,
and
so
they
came
up
with
a
great
product
presented
it
to
the
interim
committee
on
child
welfare
and
juvenile
justice,
and
then
that
became
a
bill
this
session
that
senator
ratty
is
carrying.
F
We
know
that
executing
the
plan
as
all
these
great
minds
and
stakeholders
come
together
and
envision
is
difficult,
especially
in
a
state
with
limited
resources
for
behavioral
health
services,
but
it
really
identified
what
key
services
were
needed
and
any
changes
in
the
statute.
That
would
help
facilitate
those
changes,
and
so
overall
has
been
a
positive
experience
to
just
take
the
time
necessary
and
bring
the
right
stakeholders
to
the
table.
F
There's
great
expertise
at
the
local
level,
I'm
in
the
office
of
the
attorney
general
to
come
together
and
really
take
a
look
at
the
statutory
way
we
have
set
up
in
terms
of
responding
to
human
trafficking.
In
that
case,
it
was
children.
This
would
include
an
entire
population
and
how
do
we
really
start
to
make
a
kind
of
a
cohesive
movement
as
a
state
not
only
in
the
statutory
levels
that
our
local
agencies
have,
but
in
priorities
for
future
enhancements
or
expansions
into
services?
F
And
so
I
think
the
sponsor
for
reaching
out
and
kind
of
asking
questions
about
how
that
process
worked.
We
found
that
it
worked
better
than
an
abrupt
shift
from
a
justice
response
to
a
health
response,
but
overall
nevada's
system
of
victim
services
is
still,
I
think,
in
development.
For
so
long
it's
been
an
attachment
to
criminal
justice,
and
really,
I
think,
where
we're
headed
is
in
the
positive
way
of
saying
victim
services
should
be
looked
at
through
a
health
lens
and
really
a
holistic
group
of
services.
F
Understanding
that
that
housing
is
health
safety
is
health
and
behavioral.
Health
is
health.
So
I'm
happy
to
answer
any
questions
about
how
that
process
went
with
deputy
administrator
mandy
davis
had
their
questions
about
the
the
money
mechanisms
or
any
of
that,
but
that
is
how
that
study
worked
and
I
believe
the
sponsor
envisions.
This
study
would
work
in
a
similar
way.
B
Thank
you,
mr
armstrong,
church
ribault,
additional
presentation
or
and
or
any
other
individual,
so.
A
B
Thank
you
so
much
for
your
presentation.
We
will
now
open
it
up
for
questions
from
members
of
the
committee
and,
if
you
can
we're
going
to
do
this
a
little
bit
old
school.
So
if
you've
got
a
question,
go
ahead
and
raise
your
hand
in
the
video
and
I
will
go
ahead
and
call
on
you.
Senator
hansen
is
always
very
quick
to
raise
his
hand.
So
the
enthusiasm
as
well
we'll
start
with
you
senator
hansen.
G
G
100
percent,
I'm
especially
intrigued,
chair,
schaible
and
vice
chair
canazaro,
with
your
expertise
in
the
district
attorney's
office,
because
you
know
I'm
starting
to
sound
like
a
broken
record,
but
this
is
my
sixth
session
and
I
remember
very
distinctly
my
first
session
we
had
a
joint
judiciary
committee
hearing
and
at
that
time,
attorney
general
masso
gave
a
huge
presentation
about
child
sex
trafficking,
and-
and
at
that
time
we
had
parades
of
people
that
were
victims.
Everything
else.
G
A
couple
of
questions
first,
is
of
of
the
existing
laws
and
we've
had
one
of
these
laws,
or
one
of
these
bills
passed
every
single
session
that
I've
been
here
is
there.
Has
there
been
any
significant
decline
in
the
amount
of
this
type
of
sex
trafficking,
because
I
you
know
I've
been
through
all
these
hearings
and
I've.
Just
from
the
from
the
description
of
the
lady,
I
think
her
name
was
elizabeth.
G
It
doesn't
sound
like
it's
effective
at
all
and
there's
an
unlimited
demand
and,
in
spite
of
all
our
efforts,
nothing's
really
changed.
What's
your
what's
your
perspective
on
that.
A
So
this
is
melanie
scheibel
for
the
record
state
senator
from
district
nine,
and
I
thank
you
for
for
the
question
senator
hansen
and
I
think
that
it's
it's
it's
a
hard
question
to
answer,
because
we
don't
know
what
we
don't
know.
I
think
that
there
is
definitely,
I
think
that
probably
ms
turner,
sorry,
ms
tucker,
could
speak
better
to
the
numbers,
but
I
I
think
we
cannot
definitively
say
that
the
rate
of
human
trafficking
is
decreasing
in
nevada.
However,
part
of
that
is
because
we
are
becoming
better
at
identifying
it.
A
So
we
never
want
to
confuse
better
identification
with
the
problem
actually
getting
worse
because
sometimes
having
more
prosecutions,
knowing
about
more
cases
doesn't
mean
that
there
are
more
cases,
it
means
we're
doing
a
better
job
of
finding
them
and
prosecuting
them,
and
so
I
think
that
the
changes
that
we
have
made
over
the
last
several
sessions
have
been
important.
If
nothing,
I
shouldn't,
say
nothing
else.
They've
been
important
for
numerous
reasons.
A
One
of
those
reasons
is
to
find
new
ways
to
prosecute
actual
human
traffickers,
and
you
know
you
asked
me
about
my
experience
in
the
district
attorney's
office
and
again,
not
speaking
for
the
office,
but
for
myself
I
mean
that's.
Why
I'm
there
to
go
after
the
actual
bad
guys
who
are
trafficking,
people
who
do
not
want
to
be
involved
in
sex
work,
and
it
is
incredibly
important
that
my
office,
the
office
I
work
for
and
any
other
law
enforcement
agency
in
nevada
has
the
tools
to
do
that.
A
I
also
think
that
having
had
these
bills
over
the
last
few
years
has
given
us
the
space
to
have
a
conversation
about
what
human
trafficking
looks
like
and
what
sex
work
looks
like
throughout
the
state
of
nevada,
and
it's
also
given
us
the
opportunity
to
implement
particular
policies
and
discover
whether
or
not
they're
working,
and
so
I
think
that
this
is
an
example
of
one
of
those
cases
where
we
have
a
policy
of
arresting
people
in
order
to
provide
them
with
services,
and
that
is
not
working.
A
G
Actually,
before
you
go
to
ms
doctor,
I
just
want
to
know
I
I
agree
with
the
whole
concept
that
we're
we've
been
picking
on
the
wrong
people.
The
whole
time
I
mean
I've
said
all
along
that
the
victims
should
not
be
the
ones
I
I
wanted
us
to
much
more
aggressively
go
after
the
johns,
not
just
the
pimps,
but
the
people
that
actually
you
know,
hire
the
girls
and
and,
interestingly
enough,
the
the
real
problem
that
we
have
in
nevada
is.
G
There
is
a
lack
of
will
on
the
part
of
frankly
the
big
business
communities
they.
This
is
part
of
a
package
when
you
say
you
know
what
happens
in
vegas
stays
in
vegas.
That
has
some
really
powerful
implications
for
some
people
who
have
some
really
perverted
appetites
and
and
since
it's
sold
as
a
package
deal,
I
I've
been
very
discouraged
to
see
that
the
people
that
give
a
lot
of
lip
service
to
here
in
hearings
like
this
actually
aren't
really
that
anxious
to
do
that.
G
Much
about
it,
and
here
it
is
besides
decriminalizing
it
from
the
victim
perspective.
I
would
love-
and
I
still
and
I've
said
this
all
along-
we
should
put
online
photos
of
the
people
that
are
arrested
as
jeans
and
I'm
dead
serious.
That
would
do
more
to
discourage
this
this
unfortunate
practice
than
anything
else
anyway,
if
you'd
like
to
go
to
the
stats.
I'm
sorry
if
I
rambled,
madame
vice
chair,
appreciate
the
opportunity,
though,
but
yeah
I'd,
love
to
hear
the
numbers
see
if
there's
any
improvement.
A
The
things
you
see
in
movies
do
sometimes
exist
with
high
paid
call
girls
who
work
for
an
agency
and
have
the
anonymity
of
you
know,
working
through
through
the
internet
and
they're
much
less
likely
to
get
arrested.
But
I
I
also
want
to
point
out
that
there
are
also
issues
with
criminalizing
the
the
purchasing
of
sex,
because
that
still
drives
the
industry
underground,
and
you
know
for
somebody
who
is
trafficking
other
people,
whether
it
is
the
people
that
they
are
trafficking
or
the
clients
they
are
serving,
who
are
getting
arrested.
A
Getting
arrested
is
bad
for
business,
and
so
you
know
I
could
envision
situations
in
which,
even
if
we
you
know,
are
not
going
after.
If
law
enforcement
is
not
going
after
the
people
who
are
performing
sex
acts
for
money,
but
they're
going
after
the
people
who
are
paying
for
it
and
that
person
who
is
providing
the
service
could
still
be,
could
still
face
retaliation
from
the
person
who's
trafficking
them.
I
think
that's
is
one
of
the
complexities
of
the
issue,
and
it's
just
another.
D
I
just
wanted
to
speak
to
your
point
about
what
are
the
statistics?
Can
you
please
identify
yourself
for
the
record,
I'm
so
sorry,
my
name
is
stephanie
tucker
I
wanted
to
let
you
know.
I
do
not
have
this
in
front
of
me,
but
there
is
something
called
safeharbor.org
safe,
harbor
bills
are.
This
is
a
safe
harbor
bill.
They
are
typically
levied
at
minors
and
so
the
bills
that
you're
referring
to
in
the
past
legislative
sessions.
D
Those
were
all
safe,
harbor
for
minor
trafficking
victims,
and
I
wanted
to
just
point
out
this
one
thing
that
that
maybe
kind
of
sheds
a
little
bit
of
light
on
this
nevada
just
a
few
years
ago,
had,
I
believe,
an
f
rating
in
safe
harbor.
So
the
rating
was
based
on
how
well
nevada
protected
minor
trafficking
victims,
and
we
got
a
failing
grade,
and
at
this
point
I
believe,
when
this
was
updated
in
2020,
we
were
given
an
a
rating.
D
So
while
that
is
not
an
exact
answer
to
your
question,
maybe
it's
kind
of
a
overarching
statement
about
how
much
better
or
what
a
difference
that
seems
to
make.
According
to
anti-trafficking
organizations.
G
Well,
stephanie,
thank
you.
Actually,
that
was
that's
actually
encouraging.
I've
kind
of
wondered
we
passed
law
after
law
around
here.
What
is
the
actual
impact
on
the
people
that
are
victims
of
this,
this
horrible
traffic?
Well
anyway,
thank
you,
chair
scheibel,
for
answering
those
questions,
and
thank
you,
madam
vice
chair,
for
allowing
me
this
question.
B
Thank
you
senator
we'll
move
on
to
questions
from
other
members
of
the
committee.
If
you
have
a
question,
please
go
ahead
and
raise
your
hand
so
that
I
can
see
you.
C
B
That
is,
that
is
fine.
If
members
of
the
committee
have
questions,
please
raise
your
hand
so
that
I
can
see
them
in
the
video
which
is
which
would
be
helpful
to
me
so
we'll
go
senator
pickard,
then
senator
harris.
Thank
you.
So
much.
H
Thank
you
and
thank
you
senator
harris
you
certainly
could
have
gone.
I
too
am
supportive
of
the
idea
that
we
want
to
focus
our
attention
on
the
right
people,
although
I
I'm
not
a
little
I'm
a
little
confused.
It
sounded
like
senator
scheibel.
H
Your
your
answer
suggested
that
maybe
we
were
deep,
criminalizing
prostitution
entirely
or
considering
it,
but
the
first
question
I
have
has
to
do
with
the
the
amendment
and
what
is
and
isn't
changing
it's
not
particularly
clear,
but
it
sounds
like
this
is
moving
essentially
to
a
study
that
we're
trying
to
come
up
with
the
best
approach
to
this,
or
will
this
actually
go
into
effect,
although
in
2023.
A
Melanie
scheible
for
the
record
and
the
conceptual
amendment
is
very
conceptual
at
this
point
in
time,
and
I
want
everyone
listening
to
know
that
I'm
very
open
to
suggestions
and
feedback
on
it
and
the
idea
is
to
take
the
provisions
that
were
already
contained
in
the
bill
as
written,
improve
them
and
then
project
them
out
to
the
year
2023,
and
so
that
is
to
give
us
the
time
not
just
to
do
a
study
but
to
create
a
plan
and
implement
that
plan
so
that
by
the
time
in
2023
that
police
departments
are
no
longer
able
to
arrest
women
who
they
think
are
being
trafficked
in
order
to
provide
them
with
services.
A
We've
already
built
up
the
infrastructure
so
that
there
is
somebody
else
who
responds
to
the
scene.
There
is
a
non-profit
organization
that
can
provide
safe
housing.
We
have
come
up
with
a
solution
to
the
question
of
how
to
provide
them
with
medical
care.
All
of
the
questions
that
arise
with
what
are
you
going
to
do
if
you're
not
going
to
arrest
them,
so
it
gives
us
a
timeline
to
do
that,
and
it
also
again
I
have
to.
A
You
know
it
designates
a
person,
a
an
agency
that
is
responsible
for
this,
and
I
I'm
very
very
grateful
that
he
has
been
willing
to
work
with
me
on
that
and
to
take
on
that
responsibility,
because
without
that
we
would
be
in
a
very
different
position
if
we
didn't
have
a
state
agency
that
was
ready
and
willing
to
work
through
all
of
those
questions
just
like
they
did
for
children
for
the
rest
of
the
population.
H
All
right,
thank
you,
so
it
sounds
like
the
conceptual
amendment
will
eventually
take
this
to
becoming
a
plan
for
a
2023
session
that
will
then
implement
or
take
the
ideas
and
create
the
the
statutes,
so
that
actually
will
will
obviate
the
need
for
some
of
my
questions.
Let
me
just
ask
a
question
with
respect
to
what's
written
in
the
amendment
in
terms
of
the
affirmative
defense,
where
we
provide
an
affirmative
defense
and
obviously
that
doesn't
mean
they're
completely
off
the
hook.
H
It
might
just
be
a
mitigation
of
the
penalties,
but
we've
some
that
we've
maintained
an
affirmative
defense,
then
to
murder
and
kidnapping
aiding
and
abetting
sexual
assault
robbery.
Some
others
is
the
idea
that
these
victims
may
be
so
controlled
that
they
would
have
participated
in
these
things
only
because
they
were
being
coerced
by
their
by
their
pimps
by
their
traffickers,
or
is
there
something
broader
to
that
affirmative
defense.
A
Melanie
scheibel
for
the
record,
and
that
is
correct
and
part
of
the
reason
that
I,
in
the
conceptual
amendment
just
said
that
will
provide
for
the
availability
of
an
affirmative
defense,
is
that
as
a
lawyer,
I
appreciate
the
intricacies
of
what
a
person
would
have
to
prove
and
whether
it
is
that
they
have
to
prove.
You
know
beyond
a
reasonable
doubt
that
they
committed
this,
because
they
were
a
victim
of
human
trafficking
or
in
the
course
of
their
human
trafficking
or
under
duress
of
being
a
victim
trafficking.
A
There
are
lots
of
ways
that
we
could
structure
that,
but
you
hit
the
the
nail
on
the
head
with
the
idea
is
that
if
I
only
committed
this
crime
because
I
am
being
trafficked-
and
it
was
my
only
escape
or
my
pimp
forced
me
to
do
it
threaten
me
to
do
it,
then
a
jury
should
be
able
to
hear
that
and
in
some
cases
that
might
be
it
might
rise
to
the
level
of
an
acquittal.
Just
like
self-defense
does
for
murder.
If
it
rises
to
that
level.
E
I'd
just
like
to
also
add
that
these
these
amendments
were
made
with
the
idea
that
the
person
might
be
committing
these
crimes
against
their
trafficker.
When
we
look
at
the
cases
of
cintoya
brown
and
crystal
keyser,
these
are
women
who
fought
against
their
traffickers
and,
in
one
case,
ended
up
murdering
their
trafficker
and
were
still
given
lengthy
sentences
for
the
murder
of
their
trafficker.
So
you
know
also
to
give
those
opportunities
for
crimes
that
are
committed
under
the
duress
of
their
trafficker.
H
H
The
last
question
I
have
then,
madam
chair,
is
just
when
we're
looking
and
I'm
looking
specifically,
and
I
know
that
this
may
be
changed,
but
section
one
sub
three
and
then
it's
repeated
throughout
the
bill
is
we're
allowing
law
enforcement
or
prosecutors
in
addition
to
the
court,
to
make
a
really
a
substantive
determination
as
to
the
culpability
of
the
individual
or
whether
or
not
they're
a
victim.
H
How
does
that
work
in
practice?
I
you
know
I'm
a
lawyer,
but
I
don't
practice
track
criminal
law
are
there?
Is
this
a
typical
thing
that
law
enforcement
gets
to
make
the
initial
call
if
they
think
they're
a
trafficker
and
and
then
that's
conclusive
determination?
How
does
that
work.
A
Melanie
scheibel
for
the
record
and
again
this
is
something
that
I
look
forward
to
fleshing
out
in
more
detail
through
the
plan,
because
there
are
probably
better
ways
to
identify
victims
of
human
trafficking,
better
ways
than
others
and
better
ways
than
what
we
are
using.
I
can
speak
to
my
my
personal,
personal
professional
experience.
You
know
one
example
might
be
if
there
was
somebody
in
front
of
me
who,
whose
case
I
was
supposed
to
prosecute,
and
I
discovered
that
there
was
a
previous
conviction
against
somebody
else
for
trafficking
them.
A
Then
that
would
tell
me
that
that
person
was
a
victim
of
human
trafficking.
I'd
be
able
to
look
at
the
timelines
and
say:
oh,
I
have
a
person
who
falls
under
the
you
know
the
auspice
of
this
law,
and
I
should
dismiss
the
charges
against
them.
A
judge
could
do
the
same
thing.
A
police
officer
could
do
the
same
thing,
but
I
think
that
it
does
allow
for
some
flexibility,
because
you
don't
graduate
victim
school
with
a
with
a
certificate
that
you
can
show
to
law
enforcement
officers.
A
So
you
know
sometimes
it
will
be
also
sometimes
there'll
be
disagreements
right.
A
police
officer
will
say:
no,
this
person
was
definitely
part
of
the
trafficking
ring
and
the
prosecutor
and
the
defense
attorney
or
a
judge
will
say
no.
I
really
think
they're
a
victim
here,
and
I
don't
know
that
this
bill
completely
solves
that
problem.
A
But
I
think
that
we
can,
you
know
at
least
start
with
the
very
obvious
cases
and
make
sure
we're
not
arresting
and
prosecuting
those
people,
and
we
can
better
refine
those
cases
in
the
gray
area
or
better
refine.
How
we
address
cases
in
the
gray
area.
H
Sure
all
right,
thank
you,
and
I
I
too
am
supportive
of
this
bill,
the
idea
and
even
better
the
idea
of
putting
together
a
structural
mechanism
to
come
up
with
a
plan
that
actually
addresses
it
because,
like
senator
hanson,
I've
seen
this
in
every
session
and
it's
gotten
a
little
discouraging
because
it
doesn't
look
like
our
prior
efforts
have
really
made
a
dent,
even
though
that's
always
how
it's
presented
is
we're
going
to
make
a
dent,
and
I
don't
see
any
dents
anyway.
C
Thank
you
vice
chair
canazarro,
my
question
is
kind
of
two-sided,
so
I
know
nevada
is
kind
of
lagging
in
other
states
in
this
area.
In
those
states
who
have
kind
of
been
at
the
forefront,
do
we
see
some,
I
guess
decrease
in
the
prosecution
of
of
sex
traffickers
right?
Has
it
become
substantially
more
difficult
and
then
on
the
converse
side,
I'd
like
to
know
in
those
same
states
have
we
seen
increased
participation
in
services
for
for
those
being
trafficked.
D
So
I
believe
that,
like
submitted
in
evidence
here,
I'm
sorry
stephanie
tucker
for
the
record.
I
believe
that
you
can
see.
We
have
a
couple
of
pieces
of
evidence
that
are
submitted
where
it's
mostly
been
done
in
like
jurisdictions
like
city
jurisdictions,
so,
for
instance,
like
san
francisco
just
declines
to
prosecute
these
cases
now,
and
that
was
submitted
as
evidence.
The
question
of
does
it
increase
the
amount
of
services
provided?
D
D
I
do
think
that
this
would
make
nevada
kind
of
a
leader
in
that
way,
especially
when
it
comes
to
like
treating
them
as
victims
of
crime
in
some
places
like,
for
instance,
if
you
look
at
san
francisco,
one
of
the
initiatives
that
they're
doing
is
to
just
basically
direct
people
to
counseling
social
work,
advocacy
and
other
services,
but
that
is
probably
the
clearest
example
where
that's
spelled
out
as
a
part
of
the
policy
for
the
metropolitan
police
department.
There.
A
This
is
melanie
scheibel
for
the
record,
and
I
think
that
we've
not
seen
that
it's
become
more
difficult
to
to
prosecute
human
trafficking
cases.
I
think
we've
seen
in
nebraska
where
they
have
a
fairly
progressive
immunity
law
that
the
human
trafficking
prosecutions
have
increased,
which
I
think
is
attributable
to
being
able
to
identify
them
better.
A
But
I
also
want
to
point
out
that
in
I'm
pulling
up
the
report
right
now,
which
I'm
going
to
send
you
in
nebraska,
they
had
a
total
of
192
human
trafficking
investigations,
which
is
just
so
much
smaller
than
what
we
see
in
nevada.
So
I
think
that
that
just
underscored
for
me
the
importance
of
taking
an
individualized
approach
to
this.
D
I
would
also
just
add
that
this
is
stephanie
tucker
again
in
the
ditmore
study,
from
2009
on
raids
and
rest
for
people.
One
of
the
things-
and
this
is
a
qualitative
research
study-
so
just
bear
in
mind
that
this
is
them
giving
interviews
to
people.
This
is
them
giving
interviews
to
people
who
were
victims
of
sex
trafficking
identified
by
law
enforcement.
D
Many
of
the
people
indicated
there.
They
indicated
in
this
study
that
essentially,
people
were
far
less
likely
to
cooperate
and
collaborate
with
police
officers
when
they
had
been
arrested,
especially
and
specifically
when
they
had
been
arrested
as
a
result
of
a
raid
and
so
human
trafficking,
busts
or
sting
operations,
as
they're
called
made
them
far
far
less
likely
to
cooperate
with
police.
D
D
I
would
tell
you
that
the
attorney
general's
office
brought
up
in
a
different
meeting
was
that
it
is
extraordinarily
hard
to
get
people
that
they
have
arrested
to
later
testify
against
someone
that
has
trafficked
them,
even
though
the
attorney
general's
office
is
fairly
certain
that
they
have
a
good
case
now.
This
is
me
speaking
again
personal
expertise,
but
when
I
have
people
in
my
office,
they
do
not
trust
police
officers
after
they've
been
arrested.
D
They
also
tend
to
have
a
highly
negative
bias
towards
police
officers
after
arrest.
This
is
also
something
that
bears
out
in
the
ditmore
study
as
well.
If
you
have
a
chance
to
take
a
look
at
that,
it
is
almost
100
pages,
so
you
might
have
to
you-
might
have
to
skim
a
little
bit,
but
there's
some
good
information
qualitatively
about
people's
personal
experiences
with
that
in
there
as
well.
B
B
I
had
just
a
few
for
clarification
purposes
and
I
appreciate
first
of
all,
I
think
the
conceptual
amendment
goes
a
long
way
to
being
able
to
piece
this
together
in
a
way
that
makes
sense.
I
guess
one
of
the
things
and
I
have
a
vague
recollection
of
a
very
similar
conversation
from
last
legislative
session,
where
we
are
asking
for
law
enforcement
to
be
a
determiner
of
whether
or
not
someone
is
in
fact
a
victim
of
being
trafficked
and
what
sort
of
issues
that
may
present.
B
Or
you
know,
let's
say,
there's,
there's
some
indication
that
someone
may
be
reporting
this,
but
then
it
later
becomes
apparent
that
perhaps
they
were
doing
that
in
order
to
avoid
arrest.
How
do
you
deal
with
that
and
placing
some
of
that
burden
on
on
either
a
court
or
some
or
a
law
enforcement
officer,
or
a
prosecuting
attorney,
as
identified
in
the
bill.
A
Melanie
scheible
for
the
record-
and
I
think
there
are
two
answers
to
your
question.
The
first
one
is
that
the
plan
involved
the
plan
is
outlined
in
the
conceptual
amendment
includes
developing
a
tool
for
determining
who
and
who
is,
who
is
not
a
human
trafficking
victim,
and
that
proposal
was
brought
to
me.
A
I
think
that
it's
important
to
note
that
this
bill
does
not
provide
any
kind
of
sanction
for
making
the
quote
wrong
determination,
because
this
is
supposed
to
be
a
collaborative
process.
We
want
people
to
make
the
right
call
and
do
the
right
thing,
because
we
all
share
the
goal
of
ending
human
trafficking.
A
I
would
suggest
that
it
is
possible,
with
other
legislation
coming
through
the
legislature
this
year,
that,
if
the,
if
there
were
a
particular
agency
that
was
having
a
particularly
high
rate
of
wrong
assessments,
the
attorney
general's
office
would
be
able
to
investigate
that
as
a
pattern
in
practice,
abuse
or
as
a
pattern
and
practice
issue.
And
I
I
think
that
the
the
other
thing
that
the
bill
does
is.
A
It
provides
numerous
off-ramps
for
people
who
are
identified
as
victims
so
that,
even
if
you're
not
identified
at
the
beginning,
but
you're
identified
somewhere
in
the
middle,
you
can
still
enjoy
the
protections
of
of
having
enjoyed
the
protections
of
the
law.
And
I
think
that
I
hope
that
answers
your
question.
B
B
May
not.
Sorry
shall
not
it
arrest
or
issue
a
citation
to
a
person,
and
I
don't
know
if
that
language,
that
language
doesn't
seem
to
be
changed
in
the
conceptual
moment.
And
so
that's
where
I
guess,
if
you're
looking
at
a
tool
that
might
be
utilized
by
individuals
who
are
providing
services,
that
that
seems
to
make
some
sense,
but
that's
a
hard
determination
to
be
making
when
an
arrest
occurs
or
when
a
citation
is
issued.
A
Senator
this
is
melanie
scheibel
for
the
record,
and
I
think
that
first
of
all,
I'm
always
open
to
you
know
changes
to
this.
That
part
of
the
bill
would
not
go
into
effect
until
2023
and
so
the
I,
the
idea
there
is
that
by
2023
we
have
a
mechanism
in
place
so
that
officers
can
say
all
right.
I
ask
these
three
questions.
If
all
the
answers
are
yes,
then
I
arrest
them.
A
B
Sorry
yeah
go
ahead;
no!
No!
I
wasn't
trying
to
cut
you.
I
thought
you
were
done
talking.
I
was
yeah,
and
that
makes
I
mean,
and
that
makes
sense
to
me.
I
guess
I
just
and
I'm
glad
that
you're
open
to
talking
about
some
changes
to
the
bill,
because
I
think
there
needs
to
be
a
little
bit
more
finesse
there
between.
B
B
The
other
questions
I
had
relate
to
some
of
the-
and
I
know
you
mentioned
earlier-
and
so
I
appreciate
and
would
love
to
have
the
opportunity
to
speak
more
about
this
of
the
affirmative
defense
piece
under
number
three
in
the
conceptual
amendment
and
then
also
what
appears
to
be-
and
I
just
wanted
some
clarification
on
this
on
section
four
mitigation
evidence.
B
So
I
know
there
was
mention
of
instances
where
individuals
were
charged
and
convicted
of
murder,
yet
still
were
given
long
prison
sentences,
even
though
the
reasons
for
that
would
have
been
would
have
been
related
to
being
the
victim
of
human
trafficking.
B
And
I
guess
I
wanted
to
clarify
that
you
are
talking
about
two
different
things
in
section
three
you're
talking
about
the
affirmative
defense,
which
would
obviate
criminal
liability,
as
do
all
affirmative
defenses.
A
Yes,
that
is
correct.
They
are
different
and
that's
why
they're
broken
out
into
those
two
different
sections
and
sorry
melanie
shy
before
the
record
and
just
like
you
said,
establishing
the
parameters
of
the
affirmative
defense,
I
think,
is
incredibly
important
and
it
requires
more
than
one
line
and
one
amendment
and
it's
work
that
I'm
willing
to
do.
B
B
So
I'm
happy
to
continue
that
conversation,
but
I
do
have
questions
and
concerns
over
how
that
would
be
worded
and
how
that
may
change
that
or,
if
we're
creating
a
completely
different
affirmative
defense
of
duress
under
certain
circumstances,
what
would
be
required
to
be
proven
what
those
factors
would
be
if
it's
going
to
be
different
from
what
we
already
have
in
law
as
an
affirmative
defense
of
duress,
and
then
also,
I
think,
on
the
on
the
mitigation
evidence.
B
What
exactly
would
need
to
be
presented
when
and
what
impact
that
could
or
or
would
have
on
a
sentence,
whether
we're
leaving
it
to
the
judge's
discretion.
Because,
again,
I
think,
even
if
you
had
evidence
of
duress
after
conviction,
that's
something
that
would
be
permitted
under
current
law
to
be
presented
at
sentencing
in
mitigation.
A
A
The
reason
that
I
put
it
in
there
was
thinking
about
the
places
where
we
specifically
provide
for
mitigating
circumstances
like
when
you're
talking
about
an
additional
penalty,
an
enhancement
penalty
and
I'm
frankly,
I'm
not
sure
that
it
needs
to
be
outlined
in
the
statute
that
you
know
being
a
victim
of
human
trafficking
is
a
mitigating
factor.
Pursuant
to
you
know,
I'm
looking
at
193.161
right
now,
which
is
you
know,
additional
penalties
for
felonies
committed
on
properties
of
schools,
and
there
is
certainly
more
work
to
be
done
on
the
bill.
A
D
I
hope
it
might
be
okay
to
say
this.
I
don't
know
what
exactly
the
line
of
thinking
is
on
this,
but
I
do
know
that,
oh
I'm
sorry,
okay,
stephanie
tucker.
I
apologize
I.
I
do
know
that
in
a
couple
of
the
cases
that
have
been
brought
up
this
afternoon,
both
the
case
of
centolia
brown
and
castle
crystal
peaser,
that
these
were
not
allowed
to
be
used
as
affirmative
defenses.
So
that
is
kind
of
again.
D
I
am
absolutely
not
an
expert
in
law,
and
I
know
both
of
you
are,
but
I
just
wanted
to
add
that
point
that
there
have
been
cases
in
the
u.s
and
again,
I'm
not
talking
about
nevada,
specifically,
so
I
couldn't
say,
but
where
either
it
wasn't
allowed
to
be
brought
up
or
it
wasn't
allowed
to
be
taken
into
account
for
whatever
reason.
B
And
thank
you
miss
tucker.
I
do
appreciate
that
and
I
think
those
are
valid
questions
and
and
concerns,
and
I
just
wanted
to
make
sure
that
as
we're
talking
about
this
conceptual
amendment
as
we're
talking
about
other
additional
changes
that
I
did
have
and
would
love
to
continue.
The
conversation
with
chair
shivel
over
what
how
this
interplay
works
with
current
affirmative
defenses
of
duress,
as
already
in
statute
and
in
case
law
in
nevada
and
then
also
the
mitigation.
B
The
mitigation
evidence,
which
also
is
provided
for
nevada
law,
and
I
think
that
may
be
the
big
difference
is
that
it's
it's
nevada,
law
versus
other
state
law
or
other
states
that
have
supreme
court
decisions
or
other
case
law
that
that
says,
you
know
in
certain
circumstances,
you
can't
use
particular
types
of
those
evidence.
So
obviously
this
is.
I
appreciate
the
conceptual
amendment
and
just
look
forward
to
working
with
the
chair
on.
B
B
All
right,
I
don't
see
anything
on
zoom.
I
don't
see
anybody
waving
their
hands
at
me,
so
we
are
going
to
go
ahead
and
thank
you,
chair
schreibel,
for
the
presentation,
miss
tucker,
miss
gwen
and
mr
armstrong
as
well.
We
are
going
to
move
to
testimony
on
the
bill
and
we
will
begin
with
testimony
in
support
of
senate
bill
164..
I
I
C
G
C
Victims,
we
understand
that
those
who
experience
the
human
trafficking
have
no
choice
and
oftentimes
end
up
in
these
situations,
so
we
believe
this
bill
is
important
and
ensuring
that
they're
not
criminalized
and
that
they
receive
the
help
that
they
need
so
again.
Thank
you
all
so
much
for
considering.
I
I
C
C
K-E-R-R-I-E-K-R-A-M-E-R
with
our
dentum
partners
here
on
behalf
of
the
cupcake
girls.
Thank
you,
madam
vice
chair
and
members
of
the
committee,
as
an
organization
that
believes
in
and
provides
respect
and
resources
for
sex
workers
and
survivors
of
human
trafficking.
We
believe
sb
once
excuse
me.
164
and
its
proposed
amendment
are
a
very
good
step
in
the
right
direction
and
helping
survivors
become
whole
again.
C
We
truly
appreciate
the
sponsor
for
bringing
this
legislation
forward
and
including
us
in
the
stakeholder
meetings,
and
we
look
forward
to
continuing
to
work
with
law
enforcement
and
other
stakeholders
to
create
a
sustainable
plan
that
provides
much
needed,
support
and
resources
for
survivors
of
trafficking
going
forward.
Thank
you
very
much.
I
K
Good
afternoon,
chair
scheible,
madame
vice
chair
cananzaro
and
members
of
the
senate
judiciary
committee,
for
the
record,
my
name
is
melissa.
Holland,
m-e-l-a-s-f-a-h-o-l-l-a-n-d,
I'm
the
co-founder
and
executive
director
of
awaken
a
northern
nevada-based
non-profit
that
works
with
victims
of
survivors
of
the
sex
trade.
I'm
here
in
full
support
of
the
amended
version
of
sb
164.,
there's
already
been
incredibly
invaluable
information,
that's
voiced
regarding
the
complexity
of
sex
trafficking,
service
provision,
care
for
survivors,
the
trauma
bond
and
so
much
more.
K
K
When
I,
when
I
say
I
go
to
the
court
hearing
to
support
the
techno
tracking,
I
would
assume
you're
already
imagining
a
theme
that
would
involve
amanda
in
a
position
that,
where
justin's
going
to
be
served
for
the
crimes
committed
against
her.
Unfortunately,
this
court
scene
involved
amanda
in
handcuffs
waiting
to
go
before
the
judge
to
hear
her
charges.
K
The
image
of
amanda
and
handcuffed
actually
had
a
really
profound
impact
on
me
because
in
the
human
trafficking
movement,
the
image
that
we
often
see
and
they're
very
sensationalized
images,
but
the
image
you
almost
often
see
in
regard
to
human
trafficking
awareness
campaigns
is
that
image
it's
two
hands
in
handcuffs.
K
K
In
2019,
there
was
11
trafficking
related
arrests
in
2020
there
was
28
and
30
solicitation
of
a
minor
charges
and
31
individuals.
Instead
of
getting
arrested
got
advocacy
services
from
a
law
enforcement
advocate,
so
I
am
in
full
support
of
the
amendments
and
and
the
sb
164,
and
I'm
so
thankful
to
senator
scheibel
for
being
thoughtful
and
how
this
will
be
implemented
and
to
see
what
true
justice
looks
like,
because
it's
not
the
image
of
handcuffs
not
for
our
victims.
So
thank
you
very
much.
I
I
J
J
J
I
felt
like
he
was
the
only
person
in
the
world
who
really
loved
me
or
understood
me,
but
it's
true.
He
did
take
all
my
money
and
make
me
work
as
a
prostitute
to
support
us
and
later
I
see
that
he
was
abusive
too,
and
I
know
that
he
coerced
me
to
do
this,
even
though
I
didn't
really
want
to
after
I've
been
to
therapy
for
this
for
a
long
time
and
being
away
from
the
situation.
J
J
I
know
I'm
lucky,
I
didn't
go
to
jail
like
so
many
people
do,
but
it's
hard
for
me
to
think
that
people
think
I
am
like
a
criminal
for
this,
because
I
know
this
was
the
hardest
time.
I've
ever
had
in
my
life
it's
even
hard
to
talk
about
now,
and
I
never
want
anyone
to
know
this
happen
to
me.
I
think
a
lot
of
people
in
this
situation
have
a
lot
of
shame
too,
because
it's
like
talking
about
rape
and
people.
Think
it's
your
fault.
J
I
L
Hi,
my
name
is
amy
marie
merrill
a-m-y-m-e-r-r-e-l-l,
I'm
the
executive
director
of
the
cupcake
girls,
a
local
nonprofit
that
works
in
the
prevention
and
after
care
of
sex
trafficking
within
the
state
of
nevada.
On
behalf
of
the
759
clients,
the
cupcake
girls
served
in
2020,
60
of
which
disclosed
that
they
were
being
sex
trafficked.
We
wanted
to
testify
that
this
bill
will
make
positive
strides
towards
the
eradication
of
sex
trafficking,
which
is
one
of
the
goals
we
fight
for
every
day.
L
As
an
organization,
the
cupcake
girl
spends
an
enormous
amount
of
time
working
to
reunite
our
clients
with
their
children
because
of
a
rest
and
then
their
children
being
placed
into
foster
care
to
which
it
has
been
proven
for
decades.
Now
that
children
are
far
better
off
to
stay
with
their
parents
over
foster
care,
except
for
extreme
circumstances.
L
The
cupcake
growth
also
spends
an
enormous
amount
of
time
working
on
record
expungements
so
that
our
clients
are
able
to
stay
out
of
and
away
from
the
prison
industrial
complex.
The
cupcake
girls
have
many
clients
that
are
desperately
trying
to
pay
their
fines
and
crude
by
arrest.
When
we
have
seen
data
now
for
years,
that
arrest
does
not
help
in
sex
trafficking,
it
actually
magnifies.
The
problem.
L
Paying
for
daycare
incurring
mounting
debt
on
someone
who
has
just
been
trafficked
just
to
get
their
record
expunged
is
not
protecting
nor
serving
our
community,
and
I
know
from
conversations
with
local
pd
that
the
officers
are
wanting
to
protect
and
serve
this
community.
Well,
as
senator
picard
said,
what
has
been
done
has
not
made
a
dent,
so
it's
time
to
try
something
new.
L
We
believe
that
everyone
in
our
community
wants
to
end
sex
trafficking,
and
we
are
asking
that
this
be
a
step
forward
with
survivors
who
have
been
harmed
and
those
who
are
currently
being
harmed
by
the
systems
in
place.
The
survivors
who
have
written
testimony
and
who
are
speaking
today,
let's
listen
to
survivors,
let's
believe
survivors.
I
L
M
M
Other
people
disagree
with
this
perspective.
This
broader
conversation
is
ongoing
and
nacj
believes
it
is
an
important
one
to
have
separately
from
this
bill.
However,
there
is
one
area
where
a
consensus
is
emerging.
People
who
are
not
voluntarily
engaging
in
sex
work
should
be
assisted
in
moving
out
of
the
bad
situation.
They're
in
the
criminalization
of
trafficking
victims
is
an
obstacle
to
helping
people
escape
trafficking.
I
C
Hi,
my
name
is
melissa,
bruto,
m-e-l-I-s-f-a
last
name
d.
B-R-O-U-D-O.
Thank
you
so
much
for
hearing
on
this
incredibly
important
issue
today.
I
am
in
strong
support
of
sb
164,
I'm
a
long
time
attorney
and
advocate
for
sex
workers
and
survivors
of
human
trafficking.
I've
dedicated
most
of
my
legal
career
to
doing
defense,
criminal
defense
for
survivors
of
human
trafficking.
So
really
exactly
what
this
bill
is
seeking
to
do.
C
The
harms
of
the
criminal
justice
system
for
people
that
are
being
forced
to
engage
in
prostitution
and
and
trafficking
generally,
what
we've
seen
and
what?
What
I
I
personally
seen
in
my
practice,
is
so
many
people
in
the
sex
industry
who
wish
to
come
forward
to
report
violence
or
abuse
that
has
occurred
against
them
or
colleagues
or
others
that
they
have
seen,
and
they
fear
coming
forward
right
for
fear
of
arrest,
of
course,
or
abused
or
assaulted
the
hands
of
police
officers.
C
And
so
while
this
certainly
wouldn't
you
know,
remedy
all
of
the
relationship,
the
very
fractured
relationship
between
people
in
the
sex
industry
and
law
enforcement.
It
would
go
a
very
long
way
in
sending
the
message
that
everybody's
life
matters,
everybody's
bodily
autonomy
and
and
safety
and
health
matters,
and
that
people
need
to
be
able
to
come
forward
to
report
crimes
committed
against
them.
And,
in
fact,
I
this
legislative
session,
I'm
testifying
in
rhode,
island,
new
york
and
vermont
as
well
on
immunity
legislation
and
in
terms
of
affirmative
defense.
This
is
immensely
important.
C
J
Have
you
know,
legislation
after
the
fact.
C
I
I
C
Good
afternoon
vice
chair
cananzaro
and
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record,
my
name
is
serena
evans,
s-e-r-e-n-a
evans
and
I'm
the
policy
specialist
for
the
nevada
coalitions
and
domestic
and
sexual
violence.
I
want
to
first
start
by
thanking
senator
scheibel
for
her
work
on
this
bill
and
for
bringing
together
so
many
stakeholders
throughout
the
state
on
this
matter
and
allowing
us
to
be
part
of
those
important
conversations.
C
C
I
C
Afternoon,
chair
and
members
of
the
senate
judiciary
committee,
this
is
john
pirro
j-o-h-n-p-I-r-o
from
the
clark
county,
public
defender's
office
and
we'd
like
to
testify
in
support
of
this
bill
and
thank
senator
scheible
for
bringing
this
bill
forward.
Miss
holland
is
correct
when
she
testified
that
trafficking
victims
in
handcuffs
are
what
we
normally
see
from
our
side
of
the
criminal
justice
system,
and
I
didn't
get
to
present
to
you
this
session.
C
But
those
of
you
that
were
on
the
committee
last
session
heard
my
story
about
who
I
call
mrs
smith,
because
I
don't
like
to
use
her
real
name
when
the
police
miss
a
legitimate
trafficking
victim
and
when
the
prosecutors
miss
it.
It
is
us
as
public
defenders
that
generally
catch
it,
and
then
it's
a
struggle
to
get
to
the
attention
of
both
prosecutors
and
police.
I'm
still
working
to
clean
up
mrs
smith's
record
from
being
trafficked
on
it's
a
long
and
arduous
process
that
she
should
have
never
had
to
deal
with.
C
I
C
Good
afternoon
vice
chair
canada
and
members
of
the
senate
judiciary,
this
is
kendra
burchie
k-e-n-d-r-a
b-e-r-t-s-c-h-y,
with
the
washoe
county
public
defender's
office.
On
march
27
2014,
the
united
nations
human
rights
committee,
urged
the
united
states
to
end
the
prosecution
of
human
trafficking
victims
for
crimes
that
they
are
forced
to
commit
again.
That
was
in
2014,
and
here
we
are
finally,
today
on
march
30
2021
discussing
legislation
that
would
end
the
prosecution
of
human
trafficking
victims.
C
C
I
would
just
note
that,
unfortunately,
I
can
think
of
several
cases
where
not
the
one
that
mrs
holland
referenced,
where
I
have
represented
victims
of
human
trafficking,
and
it
is
quite
an
ordeal
to
try
to
convince
the
district
attorney
and
law
enforcement
and
other
members
of
the
judiciary
that
that
person
was
a
victim
and
should
receive
services
rather
than
go
to
prison.
So
we
strongly
support
this
bill
and
agree
with
mr
pirro.
We
would
like
to
continue
to
be
involved
in
this
conversation
to
ensure
that
we
are
all
working
on
supporting
survivors.
I
J
J
My
name
is
elia
sheet,
I'm
23
years
old
and
a
lifelong
nevadan.
I
was
a
victim
of
child
trafficking.
As
a
teenager.
One
of
my
peers
approached
me
about
a
money-making
opportunity.
She
told
me
that
she
worked
at
a
massage
parlor
where
she
made
hundreds
of
dollars
an
hour.
I
was
immediately
interested.
I
met
the
owner
of
the
massage
parlor
a
much
older
man.
He
told
me
that
I
could
keep
all
the
money
I
made
while
working
for
him.
All
I
had
to
do
was
give
him
affection
and
sexual
favors.
J
I
didn't
think
of
myself
as
a
victim
to
me.
The
massage
parlor
job
was
a
fair
business
exchange.
But
years
later
I
saw
the
old
man
who
ran
the
massage
parlor
on
the
news
arrested
for
human
trafficking.
In
retrospect
I
realized
that
he
abused
and
trafficked
me
as
well.
I
tell
you
this
story,
because
trafficking
is
not
often
a
black
and
white
scenario
where
a
stranger
kidnaps,
you
from
a
grocery
store
trafficking,
happens.
J
Even
when
kids
live
in
supportive,
loving
homes,
impoverished
children
are
even
more
likely
to
become
victims,
many
victims
are
coerced
and,
to
some
extent
participate
willingly.
Had
I
been
arrested
while
working
at
the
massage
parlor,
I
would
not
have
identified
myself
as
a
victim,
and
I
would
have
had
a
criminal
record
for
something
that
I
did
while
coerced
by
a
trafficker.
J
I
urge
you
to
pass
sc-164.
It
allows
trafficking
victims
to
access
resources
without
facing
criminal
penalties
in
our
jurisdiction.
There
are
children
serving
sentences
for
prostitution,
harsher
penalties
do
not
serve
as
deterrents
and
they
do
not
make
our
communities
safer
as
lawmakers.
It
is
your
duty
to
make
our
communities
safer.
For
that
reason,
I
encourage
you
to
focus
less
on
criminal
penalties
and
more
on
providing
mental
health
services
and
alleviating
food
and
housing,
insecurity
and
circumstances
surrounding
poverty.
Trafficking
happens
because
victims
feel
stuck
in
their
circumstances.
J
I
I
C
C
The
aclu
nevada
is
firm
in
our
position
that
full
decriminalization
of
sex
work
is
the
best
policy
to
protect
the
health,
safety
and
welfare
of
both
victims
of
sex
trafficking
and
consensual
sex
sex
workers.
But
most
of
us
can
agree
that
prosecuting
sex
trafficking.
Victims
is
a
great
injustice
and
we
must
do
whatever
it
takes
to
end
this
practice.
C
I
C
C
C
I
C
C
C
C
C
I've
been
away
from
my
trafficker
for
over
a
decade
and
my
criminal
record
still
haunts
me.
It
prevents
me
from
getting
certain
jobs
and
it
has
made
it
impossible
for
me
to
live
in
certain
neighborhoods.
This
bill
being
passed,
is
very
important
to
me,
because
arresting
and
prosecuting
trafficking
victims
does
not
help
them
trafficking.
Victims
get
coerced
by
their
pimps,
so
they
will
not
testify
because
of
this
fear
that
trafficking
victims
face
prostitution.
Charges
will
never
be
able
to
serve
their
purpose
to
end
sex
trafficking.
I
J
J
I
am
a
law
student,
a
single
mother
and
a
sex
worker,
and
it's
important
to
our
community.
I
just
want
to
say
that
it's
important
to
our
community
to
take
care
of
the
most
vulnerable
about
us.
Trafficking
is
incredibly
harmful
to
to
nevada
and
current
nevada
law.
Firm
people
who
are
victims
of
trafficking,
while
inadvertently
protecting
pimps,
increasing
criminal
penalties
for
shopkin
puts
victims
at
risk
for
being
implicated
as
traffickers
as
law
enforcement
and
our
courts
do
do
not
always
understand
the
nuance
of
trafficking
trafficking.
J
I
B
All
right,
we
will
move
to
opposition
on
senate
bill
164
and
we'll
take
testimony
now
for
those
who
are
in
opposition
to
164
and
we're
going
to
turn
it
back
over
to
broadcast
to
go
ahead
and
get
us
started
with
opposition.
I
I
I
M
W-I-L-L-I-A-M-M-A-T-C-H-K-O,
chair
scibel
and
members
of
the
senate
judiciary
committee,
I
supervise
the
southern
nevada,
human
trafficking
task
force
and
the
child
exploitation
task
force
for
las
vegas
metropolitan
police
department.
Thank
you
for
allowing
me
to
participate
in
this
extremely
important
matter.
M
In
this
situation.
We
as
a
community
need
to
look
for
the
resolution,
and
this
may
be
the
senate.
Bill
might
be
that
path.
This
prosecution
cannot
be
forced
upon
law
enforcement.
If
we
are
serious
about
updating
legislation,
we
should
make
sex
trafficking,
pandering
a
state
crime
under
the
original
language
of
this
bill.
If
sex
traffickers
become
aware
that
officers
are
required
to
release
prostitutes
when
they
are
report
being
victims
of
sex
trafficking,
they
will
manipulate
this
law
to
their
advantage.
M
Suspects
who
are
not
actual
victims
will
create
false
reports,
so
they
can
be
released
from
custody
to
work.
The
streets
again
and
actual
victims
of
sex
trafficking
will
be
released
back
into
the
hands
of
traffickers
instead
of
being
removed
from
the
situation
and
have
the
potential
to
receive
services.
M
We
feel
that
this
will
increase
the
amount
of
sex
trafficking
victims
that
will
flood
our
state
and
the
surrounding
areas.
Further.
The
language
of
determining
a
reasonable
victim
of
sex
trafficking
is
an
extremely
specialized
investigation,
expecting
police
officers
to
be
trafficking.
Experts
places
an
unreasonable
standard
upon
an
already
overburdened
police
officer.
M
We
have
received
a
consent,
conceptual
amendment
and
are
still
working
our
way
through
the
language
which
may
alleviate
some
of
our
concerns,
of
which
are
that
sex
trafficker
sex
traffickers
often
employ
a
trusted.
Co-Conspirator
referred
to
as
a
bottom.
The
duties
of
this
hired
muscle
must,
and
the
duties
of
this
hired
muscle
include
recruiting
accounting,
transportation
and
beating
of
other
prostitutes
under
the
traffickers
control.
This
way,
the
trafficker
does
not
have
to
get
his
hands
dirty.
By
setting
this.
By
setting
this
precedence,
all
co-conspirators
will
be
given
immunity
from
their
crimes
due
to
following
orders.
M
The
language
in
this
bill
includes
victims
of
pandering
with
victims
of
sex
trafficking.
I
want
to
make
it
clear
that
a
victim
of
pandering
is
not
being
forced
into
sex
work,
whereas
a
victim
of
sex
trafficking
is
being
forced
into
sex
trafficking.
These
two
victims
are
not
facing
the
same
consequences
and
should
not
be
viewed
in
the
same
way
under
the
current
language.
If
a
prostitute
is
convicted
as
convinced
by
a
roommate
to
work
to
pay
the
rent,
this
prostitute
becomes
the
victim
of
pandering
and
sex
trafficking.
M
Now,
if,
while
they,
while
this
prostitute,
goes
on
a
date,
they
commit
a
crime
against
the
john.
The
prostitute
would
have
immunity
from
the
crimes
committed
to
conclude,
while
we
are
opposed
to
this
bill
at
the
current
time,
we
are
hopeful
that
we
can
move
to
a
position
of
support.
We
are
dedicated
to
effectively
combating
sex
trafficking,
as
well
as
reducing
the
trauma
experienced
by
sex
trafficking
victims.
We
are
committed
to
partnering
to
partner
to
supply
the
victims
with
resources
they
need
in
order
to
get
away
from
their
sex
traffickers.
B
I
Thank
you
vice
chair,
canisero,
no
apology
necessary
if
you've
just
joined
us,
we're
currently
on
opposition
testimony
for
senate
bill
164.
If
you'd
like
to
provide
opposition
testimony
at
this
time,
please
press
star
9
now
to
take
your
place
in
the
queue.
I
C
Good
afternoon
cherish
hybal
leader,
ken
nadaro
and
members
of
the
senate
judiciary
committee.
My
name
is
jennifer,
noble
j-e-n-n-I-f-e-r-n-o-b-l-e
and
I
am
testifying
today
on
behalf
of
the
nevada
district
attorneys
association
in
opposition
to
ab164,
but
I
want
to
thank
tara
scheibel
for
her
willingness
to
tackle
this
issue
and
to
include
us
in
these
important
conversations.
C
We're
also
concerned
about
exempting
persons
from
criminal
liability
regarding
a
pretty
wide
variety
of
crimes
without
requiring
a
clear
nexus
between
the
crime
committed
and
the
victim's
experience.
As
a
trafficked
person,
we
also
share
leader
canazera's
concern
about
unintended
consequences
that
could
arise
when
we
create
a
separate
duress
affirmative
defense,
that's
specific
to
trafficking
victims
to
senator
hansen's
question.
I'd
also
note
that
as
prosecutors,
one
of
our
biggest
obstacles
in
prosecuting
sex
traffickers
is
the
insidious
and
effective
persuasion
of
victim
survivors
by
traffickers
that
occurs
prior
to
trial.
C
I
hope
that
stakeholders
who
testify
today
in
support
of
this
bill,
including
our
defense
bar,
might
also
consider
the
possibility
that
removing
impediments
to
prosecution
of
sex
traffickers
who
keep
the
victims
from
testifying
and
increasing
the
penalty
for
dissuading
the
trafficking
victims
might
be
an
option
in
working
to
end
this
epidemic,
but
we
look
forward
to
continuing
the
conversation
moving
forward
and
to
working
with
all
stakeholders
toward
a
bill
that
we
can
all
support.
Thank
you.
I
I
Thank
you
vice
chair
canazarro,
we're
currently
on
neutral
testimony
on
senate
bill
164..
If
you'd
like
to
provide
neutral
testimony
at
this
time,
please
press
star
9
now
to
take
your
place
in
the
queue
once
again
to
give
neutral
testimony
on
senate
bill
164,
please
press
star
9
now
to
take
your
place
in
the.
I
C
C-A-R-L-E-N-E-H-E-L-B-E-R-T
and
I'm
a
deputy
city
attorney
with
the
city
of
las
vegas,
my
testimony
today
is
limited
to
simply
seeking
clarification
on
the
phrase.
Capacity
is
a
victim
of
human
trafficking,
a
set
forth
in
section
1
part
3b
on
the
original
bill
and
on
part
2,
section
1
on
the
conceptual
amendment.
C
C
C
The
conceptual
amendment
includes
having
acted
under
duress
in
the
course
of
being
trafficked
in
a
section
dealing
with
affirmative
defenses.
However,
the
phrase
capacity
as
a
victim
of
human
trafficking
is
used
in
the
section
involving
dismissals.
So
we
are
unclear
if
this
distinction
is
purposeful.
C
B
A
Thank
you
maestro
cannasaro,
melanie
scheible,
for
the
record.
As
always,
I
want
to
thank
everybody
for
their
attention
and
participation
in
today's
hearing.
I
really
appreciate
everybody.
Who's
come
to
the
table
and
offered
testimony
asked
questions
and
been
involved,
and
I
just
want
to
reiterate
my
sincere
commitment
to
continuing
to
work
with
all
the
stakeholders,
those
who
called
in
to
testify
those
who
didn't
those
who
I
have
yet
to
discover.
A
I
am
committed
to
working
with
in
order
to
make
sure
that
we
pass
a
piece
of
meaningful
legislation
that
helps
to
and
or
just
at
least
to
decrease
the
human
trafficking
crisis
here
in
nevada,
and
thank
you
again
for
your
time
and
also
I
would
welcome
any
members
of
the
committee
or
anybody
who's
listening
to
reach
out
to
me
personally.
If
they
have
questions
or
feedback
or
want
to
talk
more
about
the
bill.
B
Thank
you
schreibel.
We
appreciate
you
being
here
in
your
committee
to
present
your
bill
and
with
that
we'll
close
the
hearing
on
senate
bill
164
and
I'm
going
to
turn
the
meeting
back
over
to
you
chair.
A
Well,
thank
you
so
much
and
with
the
conclusion
of
that
hearing,
we
have
only
one
thing
left
on
the
agenda,
which
is
public
comment
if
broadcast.
Could
let
me
know
whether
there's
anybody
ready
to
give
public
comment?
They'll
have
two
minutes
per
person.
I
A
All
right,
then,
thank
you
for
your
help.
Thank
you
again
to
everybody
who
participated
in
today's
meeting.
We
will
be
meeting
again
tomorrow
at
the
same
time
1pm.
Until
then,
we
are.