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From YouTube: 5/23/2022 - Subcommittee on Public Lands Pt. 1
Description
This is the second meeting of the 2021-2022 Interim. City of Boulder City, Council Chambers, 401 California Avenue, Boulder City, NV. Please see agenda for details.
For agenda and additional meeting information: https://www.leg.state.nv.us/App/Calendar/A/
Videos of archived meetings are made available as a courtesy of the Nevada Legislature.
The videos are part of an ongoing effort to keep the public informed of and involved in the legislative process.
All videos are intended for personal use and are not intended for use in commercial ventures or political campaigns.
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A
C
A
So
for
those
listening
in
today
we
are
meeting
in
the
council
chambers
in
boulder
city.
We
have
a
full
agenda
today
and
we'll
be
receiving
several
presentations
regard
regarding
water.
Unfortunately,
senator
gokuchi
is
not
able
to
be
here
with
us,
but
we
have
today
with
a
senator
hanson
as
his
alternate
for
this
meeting.
So
welcome
senator
hansen
and
I
never
at
a
point
of
personal
privilege.
A
A
Thank
you.
I
appreciate
that,
so
we
had
roll
call
done.
I
believe
we're
good
vice
chair
did
notify
me
that
you
will
be
running
a
little
bit
late
this
morning,
so
we're
not
going
to
worry
about
that
at
this
time.
So
right
now.
Basically,
this
is
an
audio
meeting
and
I
want
to
remind
the
subcommittee
members,
presenters
and
members
of
the
public
to
be
sure
and
identify
yourselves
for
the
record.
Every
time
that
you
speak,
it
will
make
it
much
easier
for
the
staff
to
do
the
minutes
during
the
interim
meetings.
A
Typically
have
two
opportunities
for
public
comment
once
at
the
beginning,
and
once
at
the
end
of
the
meeting,
members
of
public
of
the
public
may
provide
testimony
in
different
ways,
all
of
which
are
listed
on
our
agenda.
We
ask
the
public
comment,
be
kept
to
three
minutes
so
that
everyone
interested
in
speaking
can
be
accommodated,
and
speakers
are
urged
to
avoid
repetition
of
comments
made
by
previous
speakers.
We
love
to
put
ditto
in
the
minutes,
so
that's
perfectly
fine
with
us
and
to
call
in
to
provide
public
comment.
A
A
A
Or
you
can
mail
them
to
our
research
division
or,
alternatively,
you
can
fax
them.
Also
all
that
information
is
available
on
our
agenda
with
that.
I
believe
our
first
order
of
business
this
morning
will
be
public
comment
for
the
first
time
around.
Please
remember
to
clearly
state
and
spell
your
name
and
limit
your
comments
to
three
minutes.
Do
we
have
anyone
here
in
the
chamber
wishing
to
make
public
comment
this
morning,
seeing
no
one
rushing
forward
to
make
public
comment
we'll
go
to
broadcast
services?
A
Is
there
anyone
on
the
line
wishing
to
provide
public
comment
this
morning?
Thank
you,
chair
carl.
The
public
comment
line
is
open
and
working.
However,
there
are
no
callers
at
this
time.
Oh
I'm
sorry.
I
hope
there's
someone
behind
the
screen
wishing
you
may
come.
Oh
I'm
sorry!
I
apologize.
I've
probably
moved
too
quick.
We
don't
have
anyone
on
the
line
right
now,
we'll
give
them
a
moment
to
catch
up.
Please
introduce
yourself
for
the
record
and
proceed
okay.
F
And
I'm
an
organizer
with
the
progressive
leadership
alliance
of
nevada
plan
believes
that
everyone
has
the
right
to
live
in
a
clean
and
healthy
environment,
regardless
of
their
race,
income,
gender
or
immigration
stuff.
Yet,
for
decades,
communities
of
color
have
been
neglected
in
the
creation
of
sound
environmental
and
land
use
policy
due
to
the
disparities
in
quality
of
health,
health
and
life
between
traditionally
white
communities
and
communities
of
color
have
been
have
surged
increased
development
in
the
southern
part
of
the
las
vegas
valley.
The
number
of
concerns
amongst
the
community.
F
Where
will
our
water
come
from?
How
much
more
heat
can
our
residents
handle?
What
will
happen
to
our
mojave
wildlife
and
how
will
this
further
the
negative
impacts
on
communities
of
color
and
lower
income?
Households
nevada
is
the
driest
state
in
the
nation,
and
it's
important
that
we
take
care
of
our
most
precious
resource,
while
extensive
water
use
in
nevada
may
be
deemed
inevitable,
with
growing
populations
and
industries.
F
Acknowledgement
of
over
allocation
is
long
overdue.
Our
water
basins
that
are
currently
over
allocated
in
nevada
provide
massive
amounts
of
water
to
of
water
supply,
to
nevada's
supply
for
aeration
mining
and
growing
urban
landscapes.
One
remnant
of
open
pit
mining
is
the
massive
pit
lakes
that
reserve
that
result
from
mining
below
the
waterfall
generally.
The
water
in
pit
lakes
is
substandard
of
lower
quality
than
surrounding
groundwater.
F
This
only
puts
our
communities,
environment
and
resources
at
a
greater
risk.
There
are
smarter
ways
for
populations
to
grow
than
we
are
doing
right
now,
except
extensive
urban
development
in
the
north
and
south
is
expected
to
increase
our
respective
heat
island
effect,
ruin
the
region's
natural
defense
to
combating
pollution
in
the
air
and
will
augment
the
consumption
rate
of
our
natural
bodies
of
water.
We
should
look
at
what
smart
development
in
other
cities
in
the
southwest
region
are
doing.
F
F
A
G
G
In
january
of
2022,
there
was
a
study
done
in
southern
nevada.
Water
allocation
was
reduced
by
seven
billion
gallons
enough
water
to
supplement
45
000
homes
in
las
vegas.
I
myself
speak
with
hundreds
of
thousands
of
people
all
across
las
vegas
on
the
regular
who
are
in
great
fear
of
the
water
shortages
we
have
here.
A
B
Hello
to
members
of
the
subcommittee,
my
name
is
andy
davis,
a-n-d-I-e
last
name
d-a-v-I-s
as
a
nevada
native
and
a
las
vegas
one
in
particular,
and
as
an
amateur
gardener.
I
know
firsthand
that
water
means
life.
So
I
thank
the
subcommittee
on
public
land
for
hosting
this
meeting
to
this
several
different
issues
pertaining
to
water,
such
as
its
overall
quantity,
how
water
is
being
used
and
as
well
as
various
conservation
efforts
currently
being
done
to
support
the
overall
health
for
our
environment
and
for
our
people.
B
All
this
leads
to
the
increased
desertification
of
the
fragile
nevadan
ecosystem
we
reside
in
including
the
contamination
of
both
water
and
soil
on
the
issue
of
water
loss
with
water
loss,
as
it
takes
over
five
hundred
thousand
gallons
of
water
to
mine,
one
ton
of
lithium,
with
lake
mead
at
record
level,
low
levels
and
in
the
current
state
of
drought.
It
poses
the
question:
where
would
this
water
come
from?
B
I
realize
that
lithium
mining
is
one
of
the
main
components
that
can
power
electric
cars,
which
is
a
sustainable
alternative
to
most
vehicles
that
rely
on
fossil
fuels.
However,
is
that
enough
to
outweigh
the
cost
of
mining?
I
implore
the
sub-community
to
consider
alternatives
to
this,
such
as
directing
funds
to
fixing
already
existing
public
infrastructure
and
making
public
transportation
more
accessible
to
folks
within
my
community
or
funding
research
that
looks
into
more
sustainable
alternatives
to
mining
or
looking
into
maybe
using
grey
water
instead
of
fresh
water
to
be
used
towards
mining.
B
Additionally,
to
the
members
of
the
subcommittee
as
a
young
person
that
has
to
balance
a
40-hour
work
week
attending
a
university.
I
do
hope
the
subcommittee
would
consider
maybe
scheduling
these
meetings
for
different
times
instead
of
a
9
am
on
a
monday
morning
to
make
it
more
accessible
for
folks
like
me
to
attend.
Thank
you.
A
B
B
H
Good
morning,
members
of
the
subcommittee,
my
name,
is
joe
gild,
I'm
testifying
as
a
private
citizen,
not
on
behalf
of
anybody
other
than
myself
and
my
ranching,
my
ranching
business,
and
before
I
get
into
that
I'd
just
like
to
say.
Maybe
this
is
one
final
time
and
I
have
the
privilege
of
speaking
in
front
of.
H
Noteworthy
to
me
of
all
the
years
that
we've
dealt
with
each
other,
so
no.
My
comment
relates
to
the
the
last
meeting
of
a
subcommittee
in
ely
and
I
had
a
conversation
with
assemblywoman
hanson
about
one
of
the
things
I
thought
was
lacking
in
that
meeting,
and
there
was
a
lot
of
testimony
about
wild
horse
impacts
on
the
public
ranges
and
and
the
impacts
on
all
of
the
multiple
uses
of
the
public
ranges
as
a
result
of
overpopulation
of
the
horses.
H
But
it
seemed
to
me
there
was
no
solution
that
was
presented
to
or
an
action
item
that
was
presented
to
the
subcommittee,
and
so
I
wrote
a
memo
it's
in
the
file.
I
I
had.
I
I
didn't
submit
it
yesterday
by
the
24-hour
drawing,
but
I
did
send
it
to
the
committee
secretary
today
and
I
think
assemblywoman
hanson
made
copies
of
my
memo.
H
So
you
can't
completely
blame
livestock
grazing,
but
what
the
committee
can
do,
I
think,
is
to
to
help
push
this
along
and
there's
precedence
for
this
and
from
the
public
lands
committee.
Prior
to
this
committee's
reorganization
and
sending
a
letter
to
all
relevant
agencies
and
the
congressional
delegation
expressing
the
legislature's
concern
about
the
over
grazing
situation
on
the
ranges
and
that's
what
my
memo
is
all
about
again.
Thank
you
for
the
opportunity
and
be
happy
to
answer
any
questions,
but
I'll
go
back
on
mute.
A
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
gildan.
I
think
we've
probably
talked
about
horses
for
about
24
years
now,
so
I
I
do
appreciate
the
memo
and
I
was
not
at.
Unfortunately,
I
could
not
attend
the
meeting
in
ely,
but
thank
you
for
your
input
and
we'll
move
forward
from
there.
So
thanks
a
lot.
Take
care
with
that.
I
believe
we
do
have
another
caller
on
the
line.
A
A
Thank
you
very
much
broadcast
services
and
a
reminder
to
the
public
that
there
will
be
another
public
comment
period
at
the
end
of
the
meeting.
So
with
that,
I
believe
we
can
go
ahead
and
move
on
to
item
number
three
on
our
agenda,
which
is
a
presentation
on
water
issues
concerning
the
colorado
river.
The
first
presentation
today
is
from
the
southern
nevada
water
authority.
I
believe
I
have
mr
insinger
with
us.
A
J
I
I
I
We
went
into
this
century
with
lake
mead,
essentially
full
in
the
first
five
years.
We
dropped
from
full
to
less
than
half
full
and
we've
kind
of
bumped
along
since
then,
but
the
last
two
years
have
really
had
a
dramatic
impact,
and
now
we
sit
at
34
capacity
in
lake
mead,
locally.
We're
we're
seeing
this.
This
is
a
picture
of
the
upper
intake
that
was
built
by
the
federal
government
and
came
online
in
1971
and
was
the
first
access
for
las
vegas
from
lake
mead.
I
I
Fortunately,
we
now
have
online
our
low
lake
level
pumping
station
and
our
third
intake,
which
gives
us
access
to
pump
900
million
gallons
a
day
from
elevation
875
in
the
lake
we're
sitting
at
about
10
50.
Today,
that's
a
critical
elevation,
because
at
8.95
that's
what's
referred
to
as
deadpool.
That's
where
the
bureau
of
reclamation
cannot
physically
pass
water
through
hoover
dam
downstream
to
arizona,
california
and
the
country
of
mexico,
so
even
in
the
most
dire
of
hydrologic
conditions,
we're
essentially
guaranteed
to
always
have
20
feet
of
water
over
our
lowest
intake.
I
This
is
way
too
busy
of
a
slide
for
the
kind
of
presentation
we're
given
right
now,
and
mr
prairie
could
certainly
expand
upon
this
next.
If
you
have
any
questions,
but
this
is
just
showing
the
the
the
probabilities
of
where
lake
mead's
elevation
is
going
to
be
over
the
next
24
months.
So
again
we're
sitting
a
little
above
10
50
today,
there's
about
a
43
chance,
we're
going
to
be
below
10
25
by
the
end
of
2023,
so
conditions
are
not
only
getting
worse.
I
We
then
have
a
deduction
from
our
legal
entitlement,
so
this
doesn't
mean
we
actually
have
to
use
less
water
than
we're
using
today.
Shortage
is
a
legal
definition
within
federal
law.
So
you
see
where
today
we're
in
that
first
year
of
shortage
between
1050
and
10.75,
so
our
legal
allocation
is
reduced
from
300
to
279..
I
We
are
almost
certainly
going
to
go
into
a
tier
2
declaration
for
2023,
so
we
will
be
reduced
to
275..
The
good
news
is
last
year
we
used
242..
So
again,
shortage
is
a
legal
definition
and
at
least
for
southern
nevada.
What
it
means
is
for
the
immediate
future.
We
have
less
extra
water,
so
even
with
the
shortage
shortages
being
declared
by
the
federal
government,
we
will
actually
be
banking
extra
water
in
lake
mead
this
year.
I
Turning
our
attention
upstream
quickly,
the
infrastructure
that's
become
most
imperiled
in
the
last
three
to
four
months
has
been
at
lake
powell,
not
at
lake
mead.
The
federal
government,
just
in
the
last
three
weeks,
took
two
actions:
one
to
reduce
500
000,
acre
feet
from
flaming
gorge
downstream
into
powell
and
the
other
to
retain
480
000
acre
feet
that
was
scheduled
to
be
delivered
from
pal
to
meade,
so
980
000
acre
feet
in
total
and
all
that's
really
with
the
goal
of
protecting
powerhead
at
glen
canyon.
I
Dam
again,
mr
prairie
can
address
this
in
more
detail
if
you
would
like,
but
glen.
Caning
dam
is
the
critical
facility
for
our
nation's
black
start
capability
on
the
western
grid
below
3490.
Currently,
that's
also
100
of
the
water
supply
for
page
arizona
and
some
of
the
communities
of
the
navajo
nation,
so
very
important
to
protect
those
elevations
and
nevada,
fully
supported
the
secretarial
action
to
do
so
in
the
immediate
term,
going
through
some
of
our
cooperative.
I
Agreements
in
the
lower
colorado
in
2019,
we
entered
into
the
drought
contingency
plan
with
everybody,
arizona,
california,
nevada,
agreeing
to
put
additional
water
into
lake
mead
in
order
to
protect
those
elevations,
we've
taken
a
number
of
actions
over
the
last
two
decades
and
again.
This
is
a
little
bit
busy
slide
for
the
scale
we're
able
to
see
today,
but
basically,
what
this
is
showing
is
absent.
All
of
the
cooperative
actions
between
the
three
states,
the
water
users,
the
environmental
communities
native
american
tribes
and
the
country
of
mexico.
I
Lake
mead
would
be
67
feet
lower
today
than
without
those
cooperative
actions.
So
as
dire
as
the
hydrology
is
it's
important
for
us
to
keep
in
mind
that
we
do
have
tools
available
to
us
to
preserve
these
critical
elevations
if
the
region
can
continue
to
work
together,
another
plan
that
was
completed
just
at
the
end
of
2021
in
december
of
2021
again,
the
three
states
came
together
and
agreed
to
leave
another
500
000
acre
feet
in
the
lake
this
year
and
another
500
000
acre
feet
in
2023,
so
continuing
conditions
getting
worse,
but
continuing
cooperation.
I
I
Our
temporary
resources
are
our
bank
supplies,
so
we've
banked
water
in
lake
mead,
we've
banked
water
in
arizona,
california,
and
even
gotten
contributions
from
mexico's
treaty
allocation.
You
see
there.
We
have
2.2
million
acre
feet
of
water
in
these
temporary
bank
supplies
and
again
we
used
242
last
year,
so
eight
to
nine
years
of
our
current
demands
in
these
temporary
supplies.
I
They
will
leave
a
portion
of
california's
colorado,
river
water
in
lake
mead
for
our
use.
So
if
you
look
at
our
resource
plan,
you
can
see
the
dark
blue
is
our
permanent
supplies.
The
light
blue
is
that
california,
water,
the
green,
is
our
temporary
supplies
when
we
begin
accessing
those
bank
accounts,
and
the
brown
is
where
we
could
use
could
need
future
water
supplies.
I
We
still
continue
to
have
a
very
solid
water
resource
portfolio
here
in
southern
nevada,
and
then
this
is
my
my
last
slide.
I
could
have
spent
my
whole
presentation
and
and
much
longer
talking
about
conservation,
as
commissioner
jones
knows,
but
essentially
for
anybody
who
wants
to
know
more
about
our
conservation
efforts.
We
have
first
taken
into
account
increasing
local
temperatures
and
increased
our
projection
that
if
we
do
absolutely
nothing,
our
gallons
per
capita
per
day
will
go
up
from
112
to
123,
just
because
of
warmer
local
temperatures.
I
We
then
fight
downhill
from
123
to
86,
by
taking
every
conservation
initiative
in
our
resource
plan,
quantifying
achieving
that
initiative
in
a
gallons
per
capita
per
day
savings
and
then
show
the
road
map
for
how
to
get
from
123
to
86..
The
single
biggest
item
on
there
is
fully
implementing
ab356,
which
is
the
removal
of
non-functional
turf.
I
I
saw
assemblyman
watts
in
in
the
audience
so
tip
of
the
hat
for
his
leadership
and
getting
that
through
the
legislature
last
session,
because
when
you
start
quantifying
these
some
of
these
are
literally
not
even
a
full
gallon
per
capita
per
day.
Some
of
them
were
0.7,
but
ab356
is
over
eight
all
by
itself.
So
with
that,
I
will
wrap
up
and
be
happy
to
answer
any
questions.
A
K
Good
morning,
good
morning,
madam
chair
and
members
of
the
subcommittee,
my
name
is
james
prairie
and
I'm
the
research
and
modeling
group
chief
for
reclamation's
upper
colorado
region,
albacore
basin
region
and
I'm
stationed
at
the
center
for
advanced
decision
support
in
water.
Environmental
systems
at
the
university
of
colorado
in
boulder
colorado,
and
I
was
asked
to
today,
speak
about
natural
flow
conditions
in
the
color
river
basin,
both
in
a
historical
and
a
plausible
future
context,
and
couple
that,
with
the
impacts,
we're
seeing
with
the
current
drought.
K
You
know
the
recent
drought
is
one
of
the
lowest
22-year
periods
over
the
last
600
years,
we've
compared
it
with
tree
reconstructed
records
developed
for
the
call
river
basin
at
least
ferry,
and
we
can
see
that
there's
maybe
three
periods
in
the
last
600
years
that
have
seen
droughts
as
deep
as
this
over
a
22-year
period.
But
in
the
recent
period
that
were
we've
seen
the
last
hundred
years.
This
level
of
drought
is
unprecedented,
there's
two
climate
variables
that
are
strongly
influencing
this
drought,
both
streamfl
for
the
influence
of
streamflow,
both
precipitation
and
temperature.
K
Historically,
precipitation
has
varied
over
the
decades,
increasing
and
decreasing
over
time,
but
not
exhibiting
any
sort
of
downward
trend
in
precipitation.
That's
significant
temperature
in
the
basin
is
showing
a
very
different
signal.
Temperature
beginning
in
the
early
century,
was
similar
to
precipitation
varying
over
the
decades
but
beginning
in
about
1970.
K
Due
to
this
increasing
temperature,
and
if
we
take
this
a
step
further
and
start
looking
at
various
flow
projections,
now
looking
at
futures
in
the
basin,
we
can
look
at
projection
summaries
that
came
out
of
our
2020
color
river
basin,
climate
hydrology
state
of
the
science
report.
This
is
a
report
that
was
published
in
2020,
provides.
K
You
know,
ample
information
on
how
climate
change
is
impacting
the
basin
and
just
observations
in
the
basin
as
a
whole,
and
when
we
look
at
this
report,
we
can
look
at
global
climate
model
projections
and
we
use
these
to
kind
of
understand
what
the
future
climate
may
look
like.
Under
this
changing
climate.
You
know
a
lot
of
work
has
relied
on
the
historical
record
to
look
what's
gonna
happen
in
the
future.
We
now
recognize
that
the
historical
record
doesn't
include
this
increasing
temperature
continuing
in
the
future,
so
the
global
climate
models
are
a
space.
K
We
can
go.
Look
at
that
when
we
begin
to
look
at
these.
One
of
the
key
aspects
we
see
is
that
these
models
agree
on
this
warming.
They
do
agree
that
the
warming
is
happening
across
models,
but
they
don't
necessarily
agree
on
is
how
precipitation
is
going
to
respond
to
this
warming?
Will
we
see
increased
precipitation
or
lower
precipitation?
K
Generally?
What
we're
seeing
with
these
models
in
the
warming
side
is
they
indicate
about
a
2.5
to
5
degree
increase
celsius
by
2050?
So
that's
going
to
further
reduce
the
flows
we're
seeing
from
the
basin
on
the
temperature
side,
we
are
not
seeing
agreement
on
the
precipitation
about
what
will
occur.
K
We
see
a
wide
range
of
potential
futures
under
precipitation
when
we
couple
precipitation
and
temperature
we're
seeing
really
on
average
reductions
of
10
to
20
percent,
so
continuing
what
we're
seeing
right
now,
but
we're
also
seeing
a
range
of
reductions
up
to
40
percent
and
increases
potentially
up
to
30
percent,
but
that
wide
range
of
what's
plausible
is
what's
coming
out
of
these
studies,
and
this
is
under
a
moderate
emission
scenario.
So
this
is
not
under
the
worst
case
emission
scenario.
K
So
what
does
this
mean
for
planners
in
the
basin?
I
think
it
in.
In
our
view,
one
of
the
things
it
means
is
that
there's
a
much
wider
range
of
plausible
futures
that
we
could
be
experiencing,
and
none
of
these
are
things
that
we
can
guarantee
we're
going
to
be
at
the
high
levels,
the
low
levels,
the
concept
of
giving
you
a
risk
estimate
of
what
we're
going
to
hit
is
not
available
now
under
this
non-stationary,
which
means
a
climate
that
is
changing
as
we
move
in
the
future.
K
We
don't
have
a
stable
climate
that
we
can
use
to
project
risk
in
the
future.
So
what
that
really
leads
to
is
the
need
to
develop
alternatives
that
can
work
work
under
a
very
wide
range
of
possible
future
flows.
You
know
we
we've
worked
under
the
idea
of
15
million
acre
feet.
Traditionally,
we've
now
experienced
sitting
at
about
a
little
over
12
million
acre
feet
on
average
for
the
last
20
years.
K
A
J
Good
morning
for
the
record
eric
whitcowski
executive
director
of
the
colorado
river
commission,
my
presentation
is
a
little
broader
because
under
the
lands
committee,
every
two
years
we're
supposed
to
give
kind
of
an
activities
update
on
the
activities
of
the
crc.
So
it's
not
lost
on
me.
The
focus
is
on
a
drought,
but
I
do
have
a
little
wider
presentation
with
a
few
slides
on
the
drought
and
some
of
the
activities
that
we're
doing
so.
J
We
basically
have
four
areas:
we
focus
on,
of
course,
hydropower
and
the
allocation.
We
interact
with
federal
agencies
and
then,
of
course,
we
work
with
snwa
on
the
water
issues
and
environmental
issues,
and
then
we
also
operate
and
maintain
a
high
voltage
system
for
certain
custom,
which
is
snwa
the
city
of
the
member
agencies
and
also
we
assist
city
of
boulder
on
various
transmission
projects
and
those
kinds
of
things.
J
This
is
just
an
overview.
The
next
slide
here
just
an
overview
of
lake
powell,
meade
you'll,
hear
the
upper
basin
lower
basin,
so
lake
powell
is
the
upper
basin
and
that's
there's
sort
of
a
different
hydropower
system.
That's
up
there
and
then
you
have
in
the
lower
basin
hoover
and,
of
course,
parker
and
davis
dam,
the
just
kind
of
an
overview
how
the
contracts
flow
department
of
interior,
of
course
operates
the
dams
and
then
they
deliver
the
power
to
western
energy,
western
area
power
administration,
or
sometimes
we
just
call
wapa.
J
J
You'll
see
our
direct
retail
customers
are
some
legacy,
customers
that
come
from
world
war
ii.
Basically,
this
was
a
industrial
park
that
was
developed
during
the
war
to
develop
magnesium
and
titanium
come
in
june
of
2020.
A
lot
of
that
was
shut
down
and
it
was
a
little
uncertain
what
the
future
might
hold
for
that,
but
with
the
invasion
of
ukraine
by
russia
that
they
may
step
up
that,
because
about
boeing
aircraft
gets
about
30
of
their
titanium
from
russia
and
that's
going
to
change,
and
so
we're
notified
time.
J
That's
going
to
step
back
up
production,
probably
double
it
over
the
six
months
and
then
maybe
double
it
again
in
the
next
24
months.
So
that's
significant
because
in
mark
june
of
2020
they
had
to
lay
off
about
190
people.
So
hopefully
that
will
come
back
and
then
the
rest.
As
you
can
see,
we
provide
hydropower
to
the
you
know:
nevada,
energy,
lincoln,
boulder
city
over
10
and
in
valley,
electric
and,
of
course,
the
water
customers.
J
J
These
are
just
the
activities
that
we
do
with
fuel
reclamation.
Of
course
we
attend
their
meetings,
work
with
them
on
their
investments
of
the
plant,
try
to
keep
an
eye
on
rates
sort
of
a
balance.
You
want
to
keep
the
rates
low,
but
you
got
to
make
investments
in
the
plant
to
maintain
it
same
similar
activities
with
wapa
or
western
area
power
administration.
J
We
participate
in
their
meetings,
discussion
of
rate
charges,
they
operate
more
of
the
transmission,
and
so
we
participate
in
our
meetings
and
look
at
the
activities
they're
doing
such
as
we
all
mentioned
later
that
looking
at
the
rtos,
a
regional
transmission
organization
power,
is
valuable.
As
I
mentioned,
it's
cost
based,
there's
no
markup,
there's
no
return
on
equity
to
whatever
the
costs
are,
that's
what's
passed
on
to
the
customers
and
then
at
least
in
nevada.
J
It's
considered
a
renewable
resource
for
the
senate
bill
358
in
2019,
and
so
it
sort
of
helps
meet
the
rps
or
the
renewable
portfolio
standard
for
a
company
like
nevada
power,
and
then
it's
flexible.
It
can
be
used
to
help
offset
when
renewables
may
be
going
down.
It
can
be
loaded
into
the
hours
when
that
other
powers
maybe
not
be
available,
and
then,
as
john
mentioned,
it
has
black
sort
capability
in
case
there's
a
huge
outage.
You
can
use
it
to
bring
the
system
back
up.
J
Some
recent
activities
with
whopper
reclamation
you'll
see
wrecks
and
tax.
That's
renewable
energy
credits,
that's
what
the
feds
call
them.
Nevada
calls
them
portfolio,
energy
credits
and
then
the
western
renewable
energy
generation
information
system.
They
call
them
certificates
but
they're
a
third-party
benef
verifier.
J
J
The
other
hot
topic
in
the
west
is
the
regional
market.
Organizations
wapra
when
I
see
upper
basin
is
more
up
in
colorado.
They're.
Looking
at
this
evaluating
the
southwest
power
pool,
which
operates
mostly
in
the
center
part
of
the
country,
the
colorado
and
some
of
the
utilities
are
looking
at
going
that
way
and
whop
it
in
the
upper
basin
is
looking
at
doing
that
as
well.
They're
doing
the
studies
right
now
and
we
expect
if
they
do
it'll,
go
in
2025.
J
and
then
wapa
in
the
desert
southwest,
which
operates
out
of
phoenix
they're,
currently
joining
what
we
call
the
cayes
cayes
kaiso,
it's
the
california
operation,
but
it's
energy,
imbalanced
market
and
it's
a
five-minute
market
that
if
you
need
balancing
power,
you
can
reach
out
and
get
it
or
you
can
sell
into
it.
But
it
just
helps
to
keep
balancing
the
system
and
then
we
participate
in
the
governor's
regional
task
force.
There
is
legislation
for
nevada
to
nevada
energy
to
protect,
be
part
of
an
rto
by
2030.
J
J
They
don't
have
big
purchasing
of
economies
of
skill,
so
if
we
could,
if
they
could
either
work
with
wapa
reclamation
or
just
among
the
customers,
to
look
for
renewable
resources
that
could
be
near
office,
transmission
line
that
might
be
obstructed.
So
it's
something
we're
gonna
we're
starting
talking
with
them
this
year
on
and
there's
meetings
next
month
on
that
on
the
lower
basis-
and
this
deals
with
hoover
they've
always
had
for
years.
They've
had
an
engineering
operations
committee
and
we've
recently
pushed
to
have
a
subcommittee
to
explore
with
them.
J
This
is
our
natural
resource
division
and
I
won't
run
through
these
I'll
just
go
to
the
next
slide,
because
we'll
address
those
the
water
deliveries,
drought.
This
is
basically
repeats.
What
john
told
about
the
various
projects
that
have
been
various
efforts
that
have
gone
on
to
bolster
the
lakes,
both
lake
powell,
like
me,
and,
of
course,
the
relations
with
mexico?
This
comes
from
a
1994
1944
treaty.
J
It's
approved
in
1945.,
mexico
received
1.5
million
acre
feet,
and
so
we
work
with
mexico
to
you
know
basically
they'll
share
in
shortages
and
those
kinds
of
things
which
we
work
to
maintain
that
treaty
and
then
the
colorado
river
basin
salinity
control
program.
That's
just
the
program
to
help
reduce
the
naturally
occurring
salt
in
the
program
in
the
river
and
they're
on
environmental
programs,
there's
two
main
ones:
it's
the
in
the
lower
colorado
river,
it's
the
multi-species
conservation
program
or
mscp,
and
then
the
other
one
on
the
upper
basin
for
glen
canyon
dam.
J
Work
group
is
just
a
advisory
group
for
the
operations
at
reclamation
at
glen,
canyon
dam,
and
you
have
various
stakeholders
that
can
provide
comment
and
input
to
the
operations
I'm
going
to
jump
in
topics
to
another
groups.
This
is
just
the
energy
services
group,
and
I
believe
I
mentioned
this.
We
provide
the
staffing
along
with
snwa
to
have
ssaa
or
the
silver
state
energy
association
which
buys
and
power
and
secures
power,
hedges
power
for
the
various
entities
listed
there.
A
Thank
you
very
much.
I
appreciate
that
so
with
that
committee
members.
That's
item
number
three.
We've
received
three
presentations
since
we
have
mr
wataska
table.
Does
anyone
have
any
questions
for
the
colorado
river
commission
at
this
time,
not
seeing
any
questions
from
other
community
members?
I
I
do
have
a
question
so
there's
we
keep
hearing
conversations
about
possible
blackouts
for
round
outs
this
summer.
So
I
think
you
might
be
one
of
the
best
persons
for
us
to
have
this
conversation
with.
So
what
are
some
of
the
conversations
that
are
going
on?
A
J
Well,
california
is
in
a
situation
that
could
be
about
seven
thousand
one
thousand
seven
hundred
megawatts
short
this
summer,
or
it
could
be,
it
just
depends
on
how
temperatures
and
how
high
the
peak
gets.
They
have
been
adding
a
lot
of
battery
storage,
so
hopefully
some
of
that
will
help,
but
it
is
worrisome.
I
know,
nevada
power
is
better
positioned
for
that
and
they'd,
probably
better.
You
know
to
speak
to
that.
They
have
been
adding
resources
and
they
have
a
lot
in
the
planning
stage
and
then
development.
J
There
is
some
concern
about
the
supply
chain
issues
and
whether
we
can
you
know
they
can
get
all
those
done
in
time,
but
it
is
a
situation
throughout
the
west
and
it
happened
two
years
ago,
california
had
some
outages.
Nevada
power
did
a
very
good
job,
they
called
us,
and
you
know
we
asking
if
they
can
pull
any
more
out
of
the
dam
and
the
whopping
reclamation
did
what
they
could
both
at
glen
canyon
dam
and
who
helped
in
those.
I
think
there
was
two
or
three
days
there
in
august.
J
There's
an
effort
to
cut
fossil
fuel.
You
know
cut
the
carbon
because
if,
if
you
were
foreseeing
increase
the
temperature
of
two
degrees
and
the
impact
on
the
river,
so
it's
it's
a
tough
issue
to
try
to
cut
carbon.
But
you
know
because
we're
not
building
what
we
would
call
conventional
generation
you're,
not
building
natural
gas.
And
of
course
we
don't
want
coal
and
so
we're
trying
to
get
there
with
solar
and
batteries.
And
hopefully
we
can
and
that's
that's
what
the
efforts
that
are
going
on.
E
J
J
They,
the
the
ssea,
helps
manage
their
portfolio
so
as
it
slowly
declines,
they're
they're,
able
to
add
a
little
bit
and
they've
all
added
a
solar
pr,
a
contract
and
they're
in
pretty
good
shape,
they're
pretty
full
on
power
and
hedge.
So,
but
it's
it
the
guys
tell
me
it
comes
down
slowly,
and
so
you
have
time
to
respond.
It
doesn't
drop
off
a
lot
of
the
fire
off
a
cliff.
So.
E
I'm
just
kind
of
curious,
because
what
is
the
map
I
mean,
I
don't
know
if
you're
the
man
to
talk
to
about
that
or
not.
What
is
the
maximum
power
generation
potential
for
the
two
major
dams
on
the
colorado
and
as
far
as
you
know,
how
much,
how
much
hydroelectric
energy?
If
we're
going
to
eliminate
natural
gas
plants
and
coal-fired
plants,
how
much
can
we
rely
on
consistently
from
the
two
dams
in
particular.
J
A
J
For
the
record
eric
koski
on
hoover
dam,
the
nameplate
capacity
is
about
2
000.,
but
it
hasn't
been
a
2000
room,
maybe
probably
since
the
80s,
that's
the
maximum
amount,
that's
megawatts
yeah
of
capacity,
but
you
probably
haven't
seen
that
until
they
had
the
overflows
in
the
80s,
but
it's
but
more
recent
years,
it's
been
less
than
that,
but
the
way
to
think
about
it.
The
real
thumb
I
use.
If
we
get
down
to
a
thousand
level
of
a
thousand,
you
have
about
a
thousand
megawatts
of
capacity.
It
just
works
out.
J
E
A
Okay,
thank
you
senator
seeing
no
other
questions.
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
watoski,
for
being
here
committee
members.
Are
there
any
questions
since
mr
prairie,
dr
prairie,
is
still
on
zoom?
Are
there
any
questions
for
the
bureau
of
reclamation
commission
jones,
dr
prairie,
would
you
please
go
ahead
and
come
back
and
join
us
for
a
moment?
D
K
I
believe
there's
discussions
to
think
about
that.
I
mean
we're
not
in
the
doing
that
at
this
point
really,
because
we're
still
operating
under
the
2007
interim
guidelines,
along
with
the
job
contingency
planning,
which
are
really
are
based
on
looking
at
reservoir
levels,
to
determine
deliveries
through
the
basin.
D
K
I
think
you're
going
to
see
the
activities
that
occurred
just
this
last
month
that
you
heard
where
reclamation
you
know
worked
with
the
basin
states
to
agree
on
reduced
releases
through
powell
to
protect
glen
canyon,
and
you
also
saw
reductions
in
the
lower
basin
use
to
continue
to
protect
mead
and
powell
together.
So
I
think
you're
going
to
see
continued
efforts
to
recognize
what
flow
projections
we're
seeing
in
the
next
few
years
and
working
to
maintain
uses
that
will
not
completely
drain
the
system.
I
mean,
I
think,
that's
what
you're
going
to
see.
E
K
E
K
Not
I
have
to
be
careful
to
make
sure
I
understand
what
you've
been
using
maximum
capacity
I
mean
they're
allocated
right
is
7.5
like
the
lower
basin
they're
right
now,
using
on
average
about
4.6,
I
believe
when
you-
and
they
also
include
evaporation
from
reservoirs
in
the
upper
basin,
and
that
number,
so
you
know
they're
well
below
their
apportionment
and
their
uses
have
been
fairly
stable.
Over
the
last
decade
they
haven't
been
having
a
strong
increase.
K
E
Well,
that's
kind
of
scary,
actually
yeah
they're,
only
using
half
their
capacity
and
we're
on
the
downstream
side
of
things
and
they
decide
to
max
out
as
the
drought
gets
worse.
Potentially.
The
other
question
I
have
is,
I
you
mentioned
a
600
year
window
of
study.
I
saw
one
that
goes
back
by
the.
I
think
you
guys
actually
usgs
going
back
a
thousand
years
and
one
thing
they
mentioned
in
that
there
were
several
multi-decade
long
periods
of
drought
on
the
colorado
river
historically
to
where
the
flow
got
down
to
below.
E
K
Yeah
and
what
I
was
looking
at
is
kind
of
the
most
recent
reconstruction,
that's
they're,
both
by
dr
miko
out
of
university
of
arizona,
but
he
has
one
that
goes
back
to
like
762,
and
then
this
one
goes
back
doesn't
go
back
quite
as
far.
This
is
a
more
skillful
projection
going
back.
That's
why
we've
been
using
this
one,
but
yes,
it's!
The
medieval
drought
period.
Is
this
period?
That's
about
a
50-year
period
of
flows
below
what
we've
seen
now.
K
So
it's
just
really
good
to
note
that,
even
without
climate
change,
there
are
these
mega
droughts
as
they
call
them
when
they're
going
over
decades
of
drought
that
have
occurred
historically,
and
that's
not
what
the
warming
we're
seeing.
So
that's
the
the
part
right
now
that
we're
really
trying
to
be
cognizant
of
is
this.
Warming
is
impacting
this
drought
more
than
we've
seen
in
the
past,
and
you
know,
are
we
in
a
new
normal
is
a
key
question.
We
are
asking
right
now.
E
Okay,
thank
you
very
much.
It's
very
yeah!
That's
the
one
you're
mentioning
from
2004
by
that
individual
that
I'm
that
I
was
referring
to
so
yeah,
but
it
is
interesting
to
see
how
this
this
isn't
kind
of
a
new
phenomenon.
It's
on
the
colorado,
rivers,
that's
a
major
long-term
super,
serious
drought,
it's
probably
equal
to
or
in
some
cases
greater
than
we're
currently
seeing.
I.
K
E
K
Really
wide
ranging
yes
and
that's
the
key
question:
is
they
don't
really
the
models
don't
agree
on
what
the
physics
are
going
to
do
under
our
warming
atmosphere
as
far
as
rain?
So
you
know
I
will
you
know
as
a
planner
and
talking
with
planners
I'll
just
say
that
we
need
to
be
ready
for
all
these
possibilities
and
it
could
be
an
increased
flow.
It
could
be
a
decrease
and
we
need
to
have
contingencies
for
both.
A
Thank
you,
senator
yeah,
the
the
decrease
is
the
scariest.
If
it
increases,
I
would
love
to
see
it
flow
over
again,
that's
before
so
that
one's
a
little
easier
to
adjust.
For
so
with
that,
with
no
other
questions
for
dr
prairie,
we
had
mr
enzinger
earlier.
Are
there
any
questions
from
mr
enzinger,
commissioner?
So
and
then
senator
you
said
quick
one,
I'm
gonna
hold
you
to
it.
Okay,
so,
commissioner
I'll
allow
you
to
go
first,
because
once
I
let
him
loose,
who
never
knows.
D
D
What
are
your
thoughts
on
that
and
then
perhaps
more
importantly,
for
this
group,
since
the
whole
idea
is
to
provide
recommendations
or
ideas
for
legislation,
you
worked
very
closely
with
with
assemblyman
watts
last
time.
Is
there
anything
else
when
you're
looking
at
15
different
things
that
we
need
to
do
in
order
to
get
to
86
gbcd?
That
would
be
beneficial
from
the
legislature.
I
Sure
happy
to
answer
both
questions.
I
guess
the
first
one
and
it's
a
longer
answer
that
than
the
chairs
can
allow
me
to
give.
But
if
you
come
at
the
affordability
of
water
you're,
almost
inevitably
talking
about
the
difference
in
philosophy
between
waters
of
pure
commodity
and
water
as
a
public
trust,
we
try
to
blend
those
within
our
retail
service
system
and
really
address
affordability
by
having
a
four
tier
system
where
the
first
tier
of
water,
the
first
five
thousand
gallons,
that
people
pay
for
each
month
is
significantly
subsidized.
I
I
You
know
those
those
at-risk
communities
within
southern
nevada
to
make
sure
that
the
public
trust
is
is
being
met.
The
the
second
thing
I
would
say
if,
in
terms
of
the
legislation,
we
try
very
hard
to
achieve
things
on
a
regional
basis
down
here,
but
there
are
some
things
that
I
think
the
legislature
may
be
able
to
cut
through.
You
know,
first
and
foremost,
the
las
vegas
valley,
water
district
has
already
prohibited
the
use
of
colorado
river
water
for
any
use.
If
we're
not
getting
the
wastewater
back
right.
I
So
if
a
home
or
a
business
is
planning
on
having
a
septic
and
we're
not
going
to
get
those
return,
flow
credits
back
to
reuse
and
really
extend
the
resource,
we
won't
hook
them
up,
but
some
of
the
other
municipalities
have
not
taken
that
step.
So
I
think
the
legislature
intervening
and
making
the
use
of
colorado
river
water
for
new
septic
systems
to
to
be
illegal
there.
There
may
well
be
a
couple
of
other
things:
ab356
itself.
I
Frankly
we're
hearing
some
saber
rattling
from
some
hoas
that
that
they
think
you
know,
there's
some
great
areas
in
that
legislation
and
they
may
not
be
willing
to
comply
with
that.
So
there
may
be
some
some
small
fixes
just
to
clarify.
We
don't
believe
there's
any
ambi
statute,
but
in
the
event
a
judge
disagrees.
We
we
may
want
to
do
some
clarifications
db356
to
make
it
abundantly
clear.
D
I
I
What
was
ultimately
called
the
n-track
committee,
the
non-functional
turf
advisory
committee
that
met
for
I
believe
about
five
months,
did
site
visits,
went
out
and
saw
exactly
you
know
where
turf
in
our
community
was
actually
being
utilized
by
our
citizens
and
where
the
turf
really
was
only
being
walked
up
on
by
the
people
who
mowed
it.
You
know,
did
different
definitions,
for
you
know
for
parks,
for
schools,
for
businesses
and
came
up
with
those
uniform
definitions
that
are
now
in
the
process
of
being
implemented
across
jurisdictional
lines.
A
Thank
you,
commissioner,
so,
and
just
to
expand
on
that
so
356,
but
with
the
non-functional
turf.
So
can
you
just
so?
What
are
the
ho?
I'm
just
going
to
be
real
blunt.
So
what
what?
What
are
the
hoas
up
to
here,
because
I've
been
through
too
many
hoa
battles
in
my
life?
So
thank
god.
I
will
not
be
there
for
this
one,
but
I'm
just
I
just
want
to
know
what
they're
thinking.
I
I
We've
seen
a
couple
of
six
figure:
artificial
or
turf
removals
within
the
summerlin
areas,
but
we're
hearing
you
know
some
of
the
the
pockets
of
shockingly
the
more
affluent
areas
of
town
saying
they
think
there's
some
avenues
of
challenge
available,
but
because
the
law
doesn't
become
fully
enforceable
right
either.
They're
you're
not
required
to
take
out
your
grass
until
the
end
of
2026.,
so
it's
not
ripe
yet,
so
we
haven't
seen
exactly
what
their
legal
arguments
would
be.
Yet
we've
just
heard
they
think
they're
special
and
they
should
be
able
to
keep
their
grass.
A
E
Thanks
bad
sure,
you
guys
use
242,
000
acre
feet
of
water.
You've
got
2.2
million
acre
feet
of
water.
You
got
a
chart
here
that
shows
all
sorts
of
other
areas
that
have
banked
water.
I'm
just
curious
at
some
point.
If
the
river
drops
to
a
certain
level,
will
the
feds
force
you
to
use
your
stored
water
rather
than
use
your
colorado
river
water.
I
Sorry,
mr
speaker,
for
the
record,
I
don't
think
they
would
be
forcing
us
it
would
get
to.
We
have
very
clear
rules
of
the
road
down
until
10
25..
You
know,
after
elevation
1025,
there
has
not
been
agreement
about
just
how
deep
those
shortages
might
get
so
say.
You
know
in
a
scenario
where
you
know
you
had
to
take.
We
have
to
take
an
additional
20,
000
acre
feet
of
reduction,
and
you
could
actually
get
to
where
our
basic
allocation
isn't
covering
us.
G
E
Yeah
well,
I
just
heard
that
the
upstream
you're,
only
using
half
of
their
allocations,
currently
start
adding
up
these
numbers,
it's
kind
of
like
if
everybody
started
to
use
them
as
maximum
capacity,
which
is
a
big
problem
in
northern
nevada.
You
know
all
our
basins
are
over
allocated
because
everybody's
now,
using
them
at
maximum
capacity.
I
think
you
deserve
quite
a
compliment,
though,
considering
you've
got
2.2
million
acre
feet
of
water
in
storage
through
a
a
pretty
severe
drought
window.
E
Now
you
know
that's
a
real
compliment
to
you
guys
to
be
able
to
actually
in
in
a
time
when
you
know.
Obviously
the
flows
are
down
substantially
in
southern
nevada.
You
guys
be
able
to
bank
that
so
yeah.
You
know
everybody
beats
up
southern
nevada
water
authority
all
the
time,
you're
kind
of
like
the
bad
guys
on
the
block,
but
I
must
say,
there's
been
some
really
excellent
plan
long-term
planning
to
have
that
level
of
storage
available
for
for
las
vegas.
You
so
with
that.
Thank
you,
madam
chair.
A
Here
welcome
senator
hansen,
it's
their
citizens
committee
that
the
hard
work-
and
I
can
say
that,
because
I
served
on
one
so
with
that.
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
engineer.
We
we
appreciated
them
sure
committee
members
are
going
to
have
other
questions
in
the
future.
We
know
how
to
reach
mr
belanger
in
a
heartbeat.
So
thank
you
very
much.
A
L
So
what
we're
going
to
do
is
give
a
little
bit
more
of
a
statewide
perspective
on
conservation
and
specifically
with
challenges
and
opportunities
that
we're
experiencing
and
observing
there's
different
set
of
rules
than
than
what
we've
been
talking
about
with
the
colorado
river.
The
colorado
river
has
an
interstate
compact
that
defines
how
the
how
the
rivers
administered
there's
there's
a
number
of
analogous
situations
that
that
hit
me
as
we
were
listening
this
morning,
but
in
as
as
the
state
agency
that
is
charged
with
administering
water
law
throughout
the
state.
L
L
Waterlog
is
really
effective
for
its
core
function
of
appropriating
water
for
beneficial
use.
It's
well
established
it's.
It
is
largely
unchanged
from
when
it
was
originally
established,
but
but
today,
where
our
population
is
approximately
30
times
larger
than
it
was
when
water
law
was
was
initially
established
and
we're
facing
a
number
of
different
sort
of
constraints
and
expectations,
there's
different
kinds
of
demands
on
the
state
to
address
the
the
problems
that
we're
facing.
L
L
Counties
are
responsible
for
developing
county
resource
plans
to
meet
their
long-term
needs
and
local
communities
are
those
direct
really
most
directly
affected
by
the
consequences
of
of
these
efforts
and
are
also
the
most
equipped
to
know
the
or
understand
the
localized
circumstances
so
working
together.
You
know
this
is
it's
it's
it's
critical
to
have
effective
implementation
of
all
these
levels
working
together.
L
So,
as
a
state
agency,
we've
really
tried
to
make
an
effort
to
hold
public
meetings
in
different
communities
that
have
different
kinds
of
circumstances
and
discuss
the
data
that
that
we
have
available
what
the
options
are
for
dealing
with
responding
to
drought,
declining
water
levels,
water
shortages,
what
the
state
can
do
to
to
help
implement
reasonable
local
solutions,
and
there
really
is
a
lot
of
of
good
news
in
this
front.
The
way
that
I
see
it.
L
Other
examples
are
in
the
in
our
we'll
hear
more
about
this
afternoon
in
the
carson
river
watershed.
There's
a
good
community-led
effort
to
work
within
the
available
water
budget
in
within
the
humboldt
river.
There's
a
substantial
effort
to
be
realistic
about
the
effect
of
groundwater
pumping
on
flow
in
the
river.
The
senior
decreed
rights
we'll
hear
more
about
that
this
afternoon
and
another
example,
is
in
diamond
valley,
which
has
implemented
a
community-based
groundwater
management
plan
to
address
chronic
water
level
drawdown.
L
L
L
M
So
the
court
went
on
to
say
that
the
statute
does
not
declare
that
the
best
available
science
should
dictate
the
decisions.
So
the
state
engineers
office
reliance
on
the
best
available
science
was
not
in
conformity
with
the
explicit
authority
given
to
the
state
engineer's
office
and
the
same
came
into
effect
with
respect
to
conjunctive
management.
M
Conjunctive
management
of
all
waters
of
the
state,
regardless
of
the
source
of
supply,
is
the
policy
directive
of
the
legislature.
But
it's
not
an
explicit
directive
and
authority
to
our
office
as
to
how
we're
to
implement
that
policy
directive
and
there's
no
explicit
authority
bestowed
upon
the
state
engineer
to
conjunctively
manage
water
resources.
M
And
with
that,
we're
left
with
limited
statutory
tools
and
we've
had.
This
is
not
a.
This
is
not
a
new
discussion
that
we've
had
before
the
legislature,
but
the
nevada
water
law
leaves
the
state
engineer
with
very
limited
statutory
tools.
In
order
to
respond
to
an
ever-changing
and
complex
resource
management
environment,
we
can
administratively
cancel
water
rights
for
fit
water
rights
and
undergo
abandoned
minnow
water
rights,
cancellation
and
forfeiture.
M
Making
a
showing
of
abandonment
is
extremely
difficult,
especially
if
you're
dealing
with
pre-statutory
right,
because
we're
talking
about
we're
having
to
go
back
and
demonstrate
an
intent
to
abandon
that
may
be
an
intent,
we're
trying
to
prove
decades.
Upon
decades.
Later
curtailment
by
priority
is
another
tool:
that's
left
with
our
office,
but
as
I'll
discuss
a
little
bit.
Further
curtailment
by
priority
is
not
necessarily
as
simple
as
it
seems
sure.
It
seems
really
simple
to
draw
a
line
in
the
sand
and
say
anybody.
M
Who's
junior
to
this
line
doesn't
have
the
opportunity
to
use
their
water
and
on
a
surface
water
system.
That's
very
simple
and
easy
and
people
understand
how
to
do
that,
but
it's
a
much
more
complex
discussion
when
we
start
talking
about
groundwater
resources
in
interconnected
resources,
and
certainly
the
legislature
has
given
us
the
authority
to
designate
critical
management
areas,
those
come
with
great
consequences.
M
It
starts
a
10-year
clock
on
that
particular
basin
that
they
have
to
either
identify
and
establish
a
groundwater
management
plan
that
is
approved
by
the
state
engineer
within
10
years
and,
if
that's
not
accomplished,
then
we're
left
with
curtailment
by
priority
and,
as
we
say,
nevada's
water
law
may
get
in
the
way
of
localized
solutions
that
meet
the
needs
of
these
communities
and
I'll
use
as
an
example.
The
diamond
valley
area,
that
was
the
diamond
valley.
M
So
the
localized
solution
may
be
in
a
unable
to
be
implemented
due
to
nevada's
statutory
regime,
and
that's
not
necessarily
what
was
in
the
best
interests
of
the
community
at
large
other
examples,
as
as
adam
ray's
with
smith
and
mason
valley.
Irrigators
have
come
together
and
made
collective
efforts
to
go
ahead
and
try
to
limit
their
groundwater
usage
in
order
to
go
ahead
and
try
to
preserve
the
resource
through
this
time
of
drought.
M
M
And,
finally,
long-term
management
requires
innovation,
resource
management
to
go
ahead
and
sustain.
You
know
a
changing
climate
warming
drying
soil
conditions
that
are
absorbing
more
runoff
and
not
having
as
high
of
flows
as
we
have
become
accustomed
to
updating
science.
One
of
our
needs
is
to
update
our
water
resource
budgets
for
each
of
our
basins.
B
B
M
B
B
B
L
L
L
M
M
M
The
other
issue
is,
is,
I
think,
is
as
we
talk
about.
Is
you
know
when
we
talk?
You
know
conjunctive
management
to
a
degree,
but
providing
and
again
this
is
amongst
friends
right,
but
is
is
really
giving
the
express
acknowledgement
to
the
office
of
the
state
engineer
to
administer
water
rights
based
upon
the
resource
of
the
water
right,
not
artificial,
administrative
boundaries.
M
Yet
we
have
another
court
where
we
have
clear
scientific
evidence
that
makes
a
finding
that
use
today:
conflicts
with
water
or
captures
water
over
100
miles
away
or
approximately
100
miles
away,
and
even
though
they're
in
different
hydrologic
administrative
hydrologic
units,
we
can't
consider
them
together
and
we
can't
manage
the
resource
collectively
and
conjunctively
and
so
having
the
authority
to
honor.
The
scientific
bases
of
interconnectivity,
regardless
of
administrative
boundaries,
is
essential
for
responsible
resource
management.
M
So
I
think
understanding
how
we
can
go
ahead
and
do
that
would
would
be
extremely
helpful
in
terms
of
trying
to
manage
the
resources
responsibly
to
hit
all
of
those
different
pieces.
Honoring
existing
rights.
But
in
that
too,
then
we
have
to
come
up
with
the
problem
of
how
do
we
manage
those
rights
that
are
part
of
that
interconnected
system
that
weren't
necessarily
appropriated
with
that
in
mind?
E
My
understanding
is,
if
you're
a
senior
water
rights
holder,
those
are
property
rights
that
you
have
legally
and
for
you
guys
to
come
and
now
say:
well,
I'm
going
to
go
to
diamond
valley
and
we're
going
to
have
a
ground
water
management
plan
and
everybody,
whether
you're,
a
senior
water
rights,
holder
or
junior
water
rights,
holder
everybody's
going
to
be
treated
the
same
as
like.
Hey
that
isn't
the
way
the
whole
game
was
supposed
to
be
played.
You
know
the
the
bottom
line
after
watching
this.
E
E
E
But
no
I
I
mean
your
whole
presentation
kind
of
scares
me
in
that
we're
almost
treating
the
senior
water
rights,
not
as
property
rights
anymore,
but
it's
flexible
things
that,
in
in
a
ground,
groundwater
management
plan
we're
going
to
all
come
together
and
sing
kumbaya
and
we're
going
to
have
a
senior
or
we're
going
to
have
a
groundwater
management
plan.
Where
everybody's
going
to
behave
the
same.
It's
like
hey
that
isn't
the
way
the
law
was
supposed
to
be
be
implemented.
E
So
I
enjoyed
your
presentation,
I
agree
or
underfunded,
and
I
do
honestly
adam
I
you
know.
I
always
say
this
in
fact:
tim
yells.
If
you
don't
say
that
we
can't
go.
That's
you
have
the
toughest
job
in
the
state
you
and
the
guy
in
charge
of
public
education,
because
everybody
expects
miracles
from
you
and
you've
got
a
hundred
years
of
precedence
that
comes
down
on
your
shoulders,
like
what
I'm
saying
right
now
did.
Are
you
responsible
for
over
appropriation
in
diamond
valley
or
perham?
I
don't
think
so,
probably
long
before
you're
even
born?
E
That's
that
stuff
happened.
So
I
I
respect
your
where
you're
coming
from,
but
just
want
to
get
on
the
record
that
for
this,
the
senior
water
rights
holders
that
I
represent
in
so
many
areas
they
by
the
way
represent
pyramid
lake,
currently
walker
lake
lovelock,
all
on
the
bottom
of
communal
water
systems
and
all
of
which
at
the
bottom
are
very
upset
about
how
the
upstream
folks
are
taking
the
water.
E
So
it's
a
huge
issue
in
my
district,
so
I'm
very
familiar
with
a
lot
of
these
things,
but
man,
the
idea
of
just
kind
of
like
treating
senior
water
rights
and
as
prior
appropriation
and
something
that
we're
going
to
turn
over
to
you
guys
to
kind
of
do
the
adjudications
on
very
uncomfortable
with
that.
So
we'll
have
to
see
how
that
plays
out.
Thank
you
for
allowing
me
that
statement.
Madam
chair.
A
D
M
I
paused
because
it's
not
an
easy
answer,
because
a
lot
of
the
institutional
history
of
other
states
has
created
a
smoother
pathway
for
them
to
be
able
to
more
effectively
handle
like
the
beneficial
use
question,
for
example.
I
you
know
I'll
point
to
wyoming,
for
example,
is
in
wyoming
it's
it's
use
it
you
lose
it
and
nobody
questions
it.
When
the
water
right
goes
away
because
of
non-use,
it's
just
an
accepted
fact,
and
so
that's
that's
a
historical
and
cultural
perspective
that
in
that
particular
state.
M
You
know,
I
think,
in
terms
of
looking
at
how
some
other
states
have
have
grappled
with
similar
issues.
Idaho
in
the
eastern
snake
plains.
Aquifer,
you
know,
has
has
significant
challenge
in
terms
of
trying
to
manage
the
groundwater,
use
and
surface
water
impacts,
and
it
hasn't
been
easy
and
it
was
the
outcome
of
significant
litigation,
but
the
hydrologic
system.
There
is
different
than
what
we
have
here
in
nevada,
and
so
that
creates
its
own
unique
challenges.
N
M
I'm
michelin
fairbank
for
the
record,
so
in
terms
of
it
you
know,
I
think
it's
a
lot
of.
It
is
more
about
exchange
of
information.
I
think
you
know
with
with
some
of
our
tribal
communities
and
our
tribal
nations.
We
have,
we
have
relatively
good
relationships
and
we
can
exchange
water
usage
data,
but
really
that's
probably
the
most
important
information
for
us
is.
Is
we
recognize
that
you
know
particularly
on
surface
water
systems,
that
the
winters
rights
of
tribes?
You
know
that
have
been
have
been
recognized?
M
M
You
know:
we've
we're
committed
to
trying
to
work
collaboratively
and
cooperatively
with
our
tribal
nations,
as
is
being
as
as
adam
recognized
with
the
confederated
trident
with
goshen
nation,
but
we've
also
worked.
You
know
diligently
with
trying
to
to
get
those
types
of
resolutions,
and
a
good
example
that
we
like
to
refer
back
to
is
the
is
the
city
of
north
las
vegas,
paiute
tribe
and
their
reserve
federal
claims
that
was
were
finalized
in
the
90s.
A
Thank
you
so
with
that
I
just
have
a
couple
of
quick
questions,
so
what
I
want
to
understand
is
the
statement
of
policies
that
was
brought
up
in
the
slide,
so
statements
of
policies
set
forth
by
the
legislature
are
not
operative
statutory
enactments.
I
want
to
understand
what
we're
talking
about
when
you
say
statements
of
policy,
because
nrs,
what
is
actually
in
the
bill
is
the
rule
book.
So
when
you're
talking
about
statements
of
policy,
what
are
you
actually
referring
to.
M
So
this
is
the
policy
declarations
in
533
and,
of
course,
I'm
going
to
go
ahead
and
have
a
brain
lapse:
0
2
0
and
you
know
where
we
have
state
where
there's
legislative
declarations
and
so
a
couple
of
those
that
the
state
engineer
shall
consider
the
best
available
science.
The
state
engineer
shall
conjunctively
manage
all
waters
of
the
state
regardless
of
the
source
of
supply.
M
I
believe
that's
d
and
e
533
020
d
e,
but
then
there's
also
other
policy
declarations
with
respect
to
domestic
wells
being
protectable
interests
and
those
different
types
of
things
and
so
the
and
so
in
this
particular
decision.
The
court
found
that
those
policy
declarations
are
not
specific
enactments
of
authority
to
the
state
engineer:
they're
merely
informative
bits,
so
they
do
not
control.
A
A
So
I
guess
I'm
a
little
confused
why
the
court
would
not
overlay
that,
because
in
a
lot
of
instances
and
I'll
just
go
back
to
boards
and
commissions,
because
that's
the
thing
that
I
am
the
most
familiar
with
is
that
we
give
that
overarching
policy
statement
and
then
everything
else
underneath
needs
to
fit
so
that
you've
got
the
umbrella
and
you've
got
everything
else.
So
it's
my
understanding
that
the
court
does
not
think
that
us
giving
guidance
is
strong
enough
to
operate
as
statute.
M
Michelin
fairbank
for
the
record,
so
my
interpretation
and
reading
of
it
is
that
if
the
legislature
wants
us
to
go
ahead
and
utilize
those
different
policy
directives,
then
it
needs
to
be
explicit
as
to
how,
in
in
what
manner
this
the
state
engineer,
the
division
of
water
resources
is
to
implement
them.
So.
A
Well,
in
and-
and
this
is
not
meant
to
be
argumentative-
this
is
meant
to
put
some
things
on
the
record,
we're
only
there
120
days
every
other
year.
You
don't
want
us
to
get
too
precise,
because
you
need
room
to
move
and
adjust
for
ongoing
changes
we
have
found
in
the
past
when
we've
been
too
prescriptive,
it's
come
back
to
bite
us
in
the
butt
because
your
hands
have
been
tied.
A
So
I
believe,
just
in
my
own
personal
opinion
that
a
lot
of
times
when
we
do
these
policy
statements
and
they
are
in
the
nrs,
so
they
are
statutory
that
we're
basically
trying
to
say,
operate
within
this
certain
world,
and
then
everything
else
fits
within
it.
If
we
get
too
prescriptive
with
you,
then
that
could
tie
your
hands
also.
M
Michelin
fairbank
again
for
the
record
and
assemblywoman
carlton.
Obviously
we
we
believe
that
those
policy
directors
do
guide
us,
and
so
that's
why
we
have
operated
and
tried
to
do
things
within
within
the
scope
of
those
policy
directives.
With
regards
to
your
question
as
to
what
tools
have
we
lost
it?
It's
yeah.
We
certainly
aren't
going
to
go
ahead
and
you
know
admit
the
feat.
M
We
still
feel
that
those
policy
directives
guide
our
decisions
and
operations,
but
in
this
particular
judicial
district
and
under
these
particular
facts
it
does
constrain
our
ability
to
conjunctively
manage
water
resources
for
the
protection
of
senior
decreed
surface
water
rates,
and
if
that
is
expanded,
that
could
affect
our
ability
or
impact
our
ability
to
implement
similar
types
of
you
know,
management
strategies
or
other
management
strategies
that
would
be
protective
of
senior
decreed
surface
water
rights.
So,
for
example,
senator
hanson's
district
he's
talking
about
the
end
of
the
humboldt
river
system.
A
Okay
and
thank
you
for
bringing
it
to
us,
it's
it's
it's
it's
an
interesting,
very
interesting
conversation.
I'll
just
go
back
to
being
a
legislator,
we
wrote
it
down,
we
passed
it,
we
voted
on
it,
the
governor
signed
it
it's
the
law
and
it
is
in
the
nrs.
So
sometimes,
even
though
we
do
that,
we
have
to
go
back
and
say:
oh
by
the
way
we
really
mean
it.
A
B
M
A
Thank
you
and
thank
you
and
thank
you
very
much.
I've
got
a
lot
more
questions,
I'll
work
with
staff
to
work
with
you
make
sure
that
we
get
the
information
back
to
the
subcommittee
as
as
we
move
forward
and
and
go
from
there,
because
you
know
we
try
to
address
every
issue
that
we
can
and
give
you
the
tools
that
you
need
and
if
you're
missing
tools
or
if
you're
missing
data,
we
want
to
make
sure
that
you
get
the
data,
so
you
can
use
the
appropriate
tools.
Thank
you
very
much
so
with
that.
A
P
Thank
you
for
the
record.
My
name
is
peter
stanton.
I
am
the
executive
director
of
the
walker
basin
conservancy
all
right.
I
want
to
thank
the
committee
and
the
chair
for
the
opportunity
to
report
back
on
the
really
the
first
decade
of
progress
with
the
walker
basin
restoration
program.
So
the
walker
basin
conservancy,
is
tasked
with
implementing
the
walker
basin
restoration
program
which
aims
to
maintain
and
protect
walker
lake,
while
protecting
the
agricultural,
environmental
and
recreational
balances
within
the
basin.
P
P
You
can
see
lake
tahoe
up
there
in
carson
city
and
the
walker
basin
starts
at
the
crest
of
the
sierra
nevada
and
flows
through
bridgeport
and
antelope
valleys
in
california,
then,
through
the
west
flow
through
smith
valley,
the
east,
through
the
east
walker,
canyon,
in
nevada,
and
they
come
together
in
mason
valley
from
there.
They
flow
north
and
through
the
walker
river
paiute
reservation
on
to
walker
lake.
P
As
recently
as
the
1980s
walker
lake
supported,
approximately
50
percent
of
the
mineral
county
economy
through
recreation
and
recreational
tourism
is
also
the
traditional
homeland
of
the
agai
dakuta
or
waka
river
paiute
tribe.
To
speak
to
the
importance
of
a
walker
lake
and
the
walker
river
system
to
the
waka
river
paiute
agai
de
kuta
in
numu
means
trout,
eaters.
P
It
speaks
quite
clearly
to
that
cultural
importance.
I
I
dare
say,
and
it's
also
traditionally
been
home
to
a
world-class
fishery.
These
are
all
lahontan,
cutthroat,
trout,
pictured
in
hawthorne,
nevada
and
hawthorne.
I
was
also
host
to
an
annual
loon
festival,
but
agricultural
diversions
throughout
the
upper
amid
walker
river
basin
have
led
to
serious
declines
in
the
lake,
serious
declines
in
water
quality
and
complete
ecosystem
collapse.
P
So
since
the
1850s
walker
lake
has
declined
in
volume
by
more
than
90
percent
and
in
surface
area
by
50
percent,
the
lake
used
to
be
half
the
surface
area
of
lake
tahoe,
approximately
it
is
now
approximately
one
quarter.
The
surface
area
of
lake
tahoe
as
the
inflows
to
the
river
to
the
lake
have
decreased,
though
the
walker
lake
is
a
desert
terminus
lake,
meaning
that
it
only
the
only
outflows
are
through
evaporation
and
groundwater
intrusion.
P
P
We
operate
as
an
independent,
501c3,
non-profit,
headquartered
in
reno
field
office.
In
yearington
we
buy
water,
protect
that
water
in
stream.
In
so
doing,
we
protect
interests
of
agriculture
throughout
smith,
mason
valleys
and
increase
public
access
to
date.
So
our
our
goal
is
to
increase
the
average
flows
of
walker
river
into
walker
lake
by
50
000
acre
feet
per
year.
To
date,
we
have
acquired
sufficient
water
to
reach
approximately
53
percent
of
that
goal.
That's
about
120
cubic
feet
per
second
at
full
priority.
P
In
order
to
do
that,
we
have
implemented
a
variety
of
deal
structures,
so
we've
we're
in
the
third
year
of
a
temporary
leasing
program
with
the
walker
river
irrigation
district
we've
completed
permanent
acquisitions
of
water
and
land
water.
Only
purchases
three-party
deals
where
we
purchase
water
and
another
grower
purchases,
the
land
we've
leased,
back
land,
we've
leased
back
land
and
water
to
sellers,
and
we've
created
life
estates
and
boundary
line.
Adjustments
to
allow
sellers
to
retain
their
homes
throughout
the
project
as
well.
We
work
only
with
willing
sellers
throughout
the
walker
basin.
P
The
majority
of
transactions
we've
closed
have
been
with
farmers
and
ranchers,
who
otherwise
would
be
leaving
agriculture
don't
have
folks
to
take
over
the
farms
after
we
acquire
water.
We
protect
that
water
in
stream
for
environmental
benefit,
the
first
time
that
we've
filed
an
application
to
do
that
and
a
reminder
that
this
is
a
federally
adjudicated
system,
as
it
spans
the
california
and
nevada
state
line.
P
It's
important
to
note
that
we
are
currently
administering
only
about
14
percent
of
our
conservation
goal
in
stream
or
about
25
of
the
water
that
we
have
purchased.
That
is
because
of
these
significant
time,
delays
in
protecting
water
in
stream,
in
the
walker
river
system
or,
frankly,
because
of
the
decreed
and
interstate
nature
of
that
system.
P
As
we've
made
these
acquisitions,
we
have
created
significant
public
access
throughout
the
basin
as
well.
We've
donated
more
than
12
000
acres
to
the
state
of
nevada
at
the
mason
valley,
wildlife
management
area,
and
what
is
now
the
walker
river
state,
recreation
area,
it's
the
newest
recreation
area
or
state
park
in
nevada,
and
I'm
proud
to
say
that
last
some
time
last
summer
the
100
000th
visitor
to
that
state
recreation
area
passed
through
the
gates
and
that's
with
only
one
of
the
three
ranches
that
were
donated
to
the
state
open
to
the
public.
P
It
really
is
a
golden
opportunity.
It
serves
as
a
gateway
to
more
than
60
miles
of
the
east
walker
river
and
some
world-class
fishing
out
there.
It
hasn't
been
without
its
challenges.
You
know
the
first
and
foremost
that
comes
in
terms
of
collaborative
planning
with
the
blm
and
the
forest
service.
I
think
that
there
are
also
significant
opportunities
to
further
connect,
that
state
recreation
area
to
mason
valley
and
to
earrington.
P
You
can
currently,
you
know,
go
to
yarrington,
and
I
have
no
idea
that
there's
a
ten
thousand
acre
state
park
right
around
the
corner.
Vice
versa,
you
can
go
to
a
ten
thousand
acre
state
park
and
have
no
idea
that
yearington
is
right
around
the
corner
and
as
we
make
the
investments,
I
think
it's
important
to
to
leverage
investments
in
outdoor
recreation
to
the
benefit
of
local
communities
as
well.
P
P
Every
year
the
conservancy
brings
up
to
50,
excited,
passionate
and
often
well
educated
and
young
people
from
around
the
country
to
work
in
the
walker
basin.
Through
our
americorps
program,
many
of
the
leaders
of
our
organization
came
to
nevada
through
the
americorps
program,
and
indeed
I
moved
to
nevada
10
years
ago
to
serve
in
an
americorps
program,
as
the
state
faces
a
lot
of
the
staffing
struggles
that
other
employers
are,
but
I
dare
venture
to
say
that
that
is
exaggerated.
Within
the
state
government,
we
have
an
opportunity
to
create
a
pipeline
for
nevada
conservation
careers.
P
P
One
of
the
key
challenges
that
we're
going
to
face
in
the
walker
basin,
as
we
move
forward
we're
already
facing
in
the
walker
basin,
is
the
conflict
between
surface
and
groundwater
users.
So,
within
the
basin
surface
water
rights
are
senior
to
ground
water
rights.
Surface
water
rights
are
also
adjudicated
by
federal
decree
in
the
walker
basin,
while
nevada
ground
water
rights
derived
from
the
state.
It's
also
worth
noting
that
the
most
senior
surface
water
rights
in
the
system
are
used
at
the
end
of
the
system
by
the
walker
river
putrid.
P
Some
recent
studies
by
the
usgs
have
indicated
that
the
stream
efficiency
of
the
waka
river
or
how
much
river,
how
much
water
isn't
diverted,
makes
it
through
the
course
of
the
river
has
declined
on
average
by
one
percent
per
year
for
the
last
50
years.
Over
that
same
time,
the
aquifers
and
smith
and
mason
valleys
have
both
declined
by
more
than
200
250
000
acre
feet
now.
Usgs
study
also
demonstrates
that
the
water
table
closer
to
the
river
has
declined
less
suggesting
surface
water
flows
are
supporting
groundwater
recharge.
P
In
the
last
years
there
have
been
multiple
times
when
there's
been
water
in
the
waka
river
in
mason
valley,
that
has
not
made
it
to
downstream
senior
decreed
water
rights
holders.
While
groundwater
pumps
have
remained
on
in
the
valley
as
variability
and
frequency
of
dry
years
increases,
we
would
expect
that
there
to
be
more
years
when
groundwater
pumping
can
be
found
to
negatively
impact
or
injure
senior
decree
water
right
holders,
especially
at
the
end
of
the
walker
river
system.
P
P
B
A
P
That's
correct,
so
our
goal
is
to
raise
the
level
of
the
lake
to
a
total
dissolved
solids
concentration
of
12
000
milligrams
per
liter,
which
would
allow
all
of
the
native
fish
that
have
traditionally
lived
in
walker
like
to
come
back.
That
will
require
excess
flows.
We
say
excess,
so
it
flows
over
the
current
stasis
of
approximately
50
000
acre
feet
per
year
for.
E
Yes
saying
I
mean
it
took
a
long
time
to
get
it
down
to
where
it
is
now,
it
isn't
like
you
guys,
are
going
to
magically
come
50
000,
acre
feet
of
water
and
in
two
years
you're
going
to
have
a
reestablished
cutthroat
population.
So
I
represented
hawthorne
in
that
area
until
just
the
reapportionment
occurred,
but
you
know
hawthorne
basically
died
yep.
Now
all
the
sporting
goods
stores
closed
the
boats,
everything
just
once
that
lake
dropped
to
that
level
where
there
wasn't
any
fishery
anymore.
E
So
I'm
anxious
to
see
this
happen
again.
You're
still
walking
that
delicate
line
where
we're
trying
to
protect
the
interests
of
the
upstream
users,
but
the
last
question
with
the
two
actually
mason
valley,
because
the
department
of
wildlife
manages
that
do
you
guys
have
a
relationship
with
them,
because
last
time
I
was
there
versus
every
pond
in
the
place
was
dry.
So
I'm
just
kind
of
wondering
is
that
just
because
the
drought
or
have
you
guys,
bought
up
the
water
right?
That's
there
and
they're
moving
them
downstream
or
what.
P
A
A
Warm
welcome
the
same
card
and
glad
you're
in
the
state.
Thank
you
very
much
so
with
that
we
can
go
on
to
item
number
six
and
just
to
let
folks
know,
I
think,
we'll
probably
plan
on
breaking
after
number,
seven
we'll
see
where
we
are
then,
and
and
and
go
from
there
to
take
a
short
lunch
break.
So
with
that
item
number
six,
I
believe
we
have
mr
rornick
next.
C
Madam
chair
members
of
the
committee,
I'm
kyle
rohrink
executive
director
of
the
great
basin
water
network,
great
to
see
many
of
you
here
and
you
all
have
some
endurance
to
talk
about
such
a
brutal
topic
for
hours
on
end.
I
commend
you
all.
It's
not
easy
and
you
know,
but
I
wanted
to
start
my
presentation
with
some
good
news.
C
Yesterday
I
drove
through
gold
butte
national
monument,
then
through
grand
canyon,
parashant,
national
monument
down
to
lake
mead,
national
recreation
area,
heck
of
a
drive,
but
I
went
to
grand
wash
bay
which,
on
my
maps,
you
know
the
bet
and
the
famed
benchmark
atlas.
Even
google,
it's
a
big
blue
dot,
big
blue
dot,
and
I
get
there
and
you
know
it
was.
It
was
gone.
There
was
no
blue
there
in
reality,
but
there
were.
C
There
was
a
bunch
of
dead,
tamarisk
and
and
dead
quagga
mussels
and
zebra
mussels.
So
you
know
but
anyways.
I
I
wanted
to
use
that
as
kind
of
an
example
to
talk
about
you
know
what's
on
paper
and
then
you
know
what
is
there
in
reality?
On
my
on
my
maps,
you
see
a
big
blue
dot.
There
and
then
in
reality,
you
see
nothing.
This
is
our
challenge
throughout
the
state.
C
C
You
know
things
put
in
forth
last
session
that
are
making
a
change
down
here
and
you
know
I
want
to
thank
them
in
the
legislature,
for
you
know
taking
that
action,
and
now
you
know,
I
think,
as
it
relates
to
our
256
groundwater
basins.
As
senator
hansen
said,
the
folks
in
the
state
engineers
office,
have
you
know
among
the
toughest
jobs
in
in
the
state,
and
I
think
there's
a
question
of
you
know.
What
are
we
going
to
do?
C
And
so
I'm
here
to
present
largely
on,
I
think
nevada
can
put
a
feather
in
its
camp
and
in
a
lot
of
areas,
especially
in
in
southern
nevada.
But
I
think
we
also
have
to
be
conscious
of
what
neighboring
states
are
doing,
and
so
I'm
going
to
be
talking
about
utah,
which
is
where
my
organization
is
doing
a
lot
of
work
now.
C
Do
we
need
to
bolster
the
state
engineers
ability
to
to
curtail,
because
you
know
whether
you
like
it
or
not,
we
do
work
within
the
system
of
prior
appropriation.
It's
it's
been
the
system
for
more
than
a
century
and
if
you're
not
able,
oh,
if
you're,
not
I'm
sorry,
if
you're
not
able
to
took
her
tail,
you
know
what
good
is
the
system
as
it
relates
to
protecting
those
senior
rights
as
it
relates
to
protecting
the
the
public
interest,
which
is
also
a
provision
of
the
law.
You
know
that
I
don't.
C
So
anyways,
you
know,
I
think,
just
a
couple
of
things
that
I'm
thinking
out
do
we
need
to
figure
out
ways
to
give
the
state
engineer
more
ability
to
curtail
do
we
need
better
perennial
yield
figures
for
our
groundwater
basins.
You
know
absolutely,
do
we
need
to
redefine
basins?
Can
this
be
done
equitably
within
the
the
confines
of
the
existing
system?
C
C
Why
am
I
going
to
be
talking
with
you
about
all
these
projects,
because,
whether
it
be
reduction
in
surface
flows
or
reduction
in
groundwater
flows,
you
can
ultimately
have
impacts
to
nevada
communities,
and
so
the
first
one
that
I
will
discuss
is
the
cove
reservoir
in
the
east
fork
of
the
virgin
river.
When
you
look
at
this
little
squiggly
line
right
here,
that's
the
east
port
of
the
virgin
and
the
king
county,
water
district
and
ultimately,
working
in
partnership
with
washington
county,
which
is
where
saint
george
is.
C
And
so
this
is
a
project
that
you
know
they
would
be
creating
a
reservoir
that
would
hold
about
6
500
acre
feet
a
year.
It's
currently
in
the
nepa
review,
the
national
environmental
policy
act
at
the
federal
level,
that's
being
overseen
by
natural
resource
conservation
services
within
the
usda,
and
you
know
I
I
was
actually
up
there
this
weekend
and
I
mean
I
think
you
would
look
at
the
east
fork
of
the
virgin
river
and
you'd
be
like
this
is
a
babbling
brook.
C
You
know
this
is
this
is
not
a
mighty
fork
of
a
mighty
river,
and
so
I
think
again
for
nevada.
I
question
you
know:
what
does
it
mean
about
those
flows
coming
into
the
virgin
which
serve
our
communities
down
here
and
ultimately,
you
know
this
would
serve
residential
communities
in
saint
george,
so
next
really
quickly.
C
The
lake
powell
pipeline
the
project
has
stalled
in
federal,
permitting
after
a
major
backlash
during
the
deis
process.
The
draft
environmental
impact
statement
process
in
in
summer
of
2020-
and
I
don't
think
anyone
believes
right
now
that
you
know
they're
going
to
be
moving
forward
this
summer
to
stick
a
pipeline
in
in
lake
powell
to
get
water
for
st
george
washington
county.
C
But
you
know
one
or
two
big
winters
can
can
change
the
mindset
for
people
and
and
get
people
to
kind
of
get
out
of
touch
with
reality.
But
it
is,
you
know
it
is
a
magic,
a
massive
project.
The
bureau
of
reclamation
has
yet
to
withdraw
the
application
for
essentially
the
communities
around
saint
george
that
have
been
pushing
for
this
project,
but
I
don't
think
anyone
thinks
that
a
spare
28
billion
gallons
exists
annually
on
the
colorado
river
right
now.
C
C
C
This
is
essentially
these
are
all
the
proposed
points
of
diversion
the
little
red
squares,
there's
18
of
them,
and
they
follow
basically
i15,
and
this
is
a
fully
appropriated
basin,
fully
appropriated
it's
gone
through.
They,
they
do
adjudications
a
little
bit
differently
in
utah,
but
some
parts
of
the
basin
have
already
been
adjudicated.
C
C
A
couple
of
the
points
of
diversion
are
by
important
tributaries
to
the
virgin
river
again,
so
you
know
it's
it's
just
something
for
us
to
be
cautious
about
our
organization
is
paying
very
close
attention
to
them.
Again.
I
mentioned
those
tributaries
ash,
creek
and
and
leverkin
creek,
but
I
think
this
speaks
to
to
a
bigger
trend.
Is
that
we're
seeing
you
know,
especially
with
the
lake
powell
pipeline
situation?
C
You
see
a
lot
of
public
public
relations
a
lot
of
gimmicks,
but
you
know
when
it
comes
down
to
brass
tacks:
you're
just
not
seeing
it
done
the
way
that
it's
done
here
and
I
think
I
don't
think
anyone
would
do
that.
The
way
that
it's
being
done
here
is
world
class,
so
the
next
one
is
the
pine
valley,
water
supply
project,
and
I
do
have
one
ask
of
you
all
for
this,
but
this
is
right
near
great
basin
national
park
just
south
of
snake
valley.
C
C
C
We're
working
very
closely
with
with
beaver
county
as
well
in
in
rural
utah,
and
the
project
proponent
is
for
iron
county
in
in
cedar
city.
As
I
say
right
here
and
again,
it's
a
story
of
you
know
there
are
you
know
new
homes
going
up
everywhere,
green
lawns
and
you
know
just
voluntary
conservation
efforts
which
I
you
know.
If,
if
you
politely
ask
someone
to
do
something,
you
know
they're
not
necessarily
going
to
do
it
and
again,
you
know
they
have
a
model
here.
C
C
You
know
whether
it
had
been.
You
know:
white
pine,
county's
comments.
There
were
some
grazing
organizations
that
that
submitted
comments,
22
ngos,
many
of
them
from
nevada
companies
like
patagonia-
were
commenting
on
this,
and
you
know
I
think
again
why
I'm
here
is
that
this
usgs
data
are
showing
up
to
50
feet
of
draw
down
in
in
snake
valley,
ultimately
draw
down
in
in
spring
valley,
and
so
you
know
there's
a
question
of
timing.
You
know
you
can
put
in
a
lot
of
numbers
in
models.
C
You
know:
we've
we've
had
experts
review
the
usgs
modeling,
and
you
know
the
the
time
that
it
could
take
to
see
this
amount
of
drawdown
that
could
come.
It
could
come
faster.
It
could
come
a
little
bit
later.
You
know
you
just
don't
know,
but
I
think
it
gives
you
a
bit
of
trepidation
when
you
hear
about
you,
know
that
type
of
that
type
of
pumping
and
are
there
alternatives
to
a
massive
expensive
project
like
this,
and
I
think
they're
just
not
willing
to
deal
with
that.
C
C
I
think
I
I
I
think
it
could
be
really
powerful
if
the
nevada
legislature
put
forward
a
resolution
opposing
this
project
and
standing
up
for
nevada
communities
and
for
our
special
places
like
great
basin
national
park.
So
with
that
said,
thank
you
all
for
giving
me
this
opportunity
happy
to
to
answer
any
questions.
D
Thank
mam
chair
and
thank
you
kyle
for
your
presentation.
I
just
wanted
to
go
to
st
george
washington
county
real
fast.
My
dad
lives
up
in
st
george
beautiful
area,
with
lots
of
functional
turf,
nice,
interconnected
parks
and
trails,
and
I'm
jealous
of
that,
but
also
they
are
masters
of
watering
sidewalks
like
nobody
else
they
are.
They
are,
I
think,
every
time
I
go
out
there,
I'm
like
wow
the
sidewalk's
going
to
grow
because
they
water
it
so
well,
it
doesn't.
Is
there
anyone
up
there?
C
Kyle
rohring
for
the
record
great
question.
Now
I
think
I
I
can
speak
utah
in
in
general,
because
I
think
it's
it's
a
mindset
crisis
throughout
the
state.
Now
there
I
would
say
the
most
applaudable
effort
that
they
put
forth
in
the
2022
legislative
session
was
what
they
call
a
secondary
metering
effort,
which
is
where
you're
starting
to
meter
your
water.
Coming
out
of
your
your
your
creeks
and
your
streams
high
off
the
mountains,
they
weren't
doing
any
of
that.
C
D
E
E
Yeah,
okay,
all
right,
quick
question
on
the
lake
powell
pipeline.
Now
we
had
a
presentation
earlier,
it
sounds
like
utah
colorado.
Wyoming
are
only
using
about
half
of
their
current
allocation
off
that
they're
illegally
allowed
to
have.
Does
the
lake
powell
86
thousand
acre
feet
is,
that
is
that?
Would
that
fall
within
the
the
parameters
of
what
they're
allowed
to
use
anyway?
Off
of
the.
C
C
E
I
got
I'm
just
kind
of
curious
because
if
I
was
a
utah
guy,
I'm
not
obviously,
but
you
know
I'd
be
saying:
okay,
you
guys
have
three
straws
now
down
there
to
get
to
your
300
000
acre
feet
of
water
for
vegas,
but
now
we
have
equal
legal
right
to
a
certain
amount
of
acre
feet
and
we're
going
to
put
a
pipeline
into
lake
powell.
And
here
you,
nevada,
guys,
are
bellyaching
about
it.
But
we
aren't
even
using
half
of
our
current
allocation
off
of
the
colorado
river.
C
C
A
You
you're
you're,
welcome
senator
hansen,
it's
nice
to
hear
mr
ronick
say
we
don't
need
litigation.
Thank
you
very
much
so
with
that,
and
we
do
appreciate
the
fact
that
some
folks
in
the
room
can
say
certain
things
that
other
folks
can't
so
being
able
to
have
a
full
record
and
have
an
honest
conversation
about
this.
C
A
A
A
O
Proceed
good
and
again,
good
morning,
madam
chairperson
members
of
the
legislature,
boulder
city
representatives
and
members
of
the
public,
my
name
is
david
allberg,
I'm
the
chief
of
resource
management
and
compliance
at
lake
mead,
national
election
area.
I
have
been
a
nevada
resident
for
a
year
and
a
half
and
a
park
service
employee
for
a
year
and
a
half
prior
to
that.
I
lived
in
virginia
and
was
worked
with
the
national
oceanic
and
atmospheric
administration
for
about
15
years.
O
O
We
have
been
involved
with
the
with
lake
mead
since
the
1930s
from
the
very
construction
of
the
dam.
The
park
service
had
a
role
with
it.
In
1967
it
was
designated
as
the
lake
of
lake
mojave
was
added
and
we
were
congressionally
designated
as
the
first
national
recreation
area
in
the
country
by
congress,
but
the
colorado
river,
which
has
been
the
subject
of
of
this
morning's
discussion
from
the
park
service
perspective,
has
great
importance:
the
colorado
river
along
the
colorado
river.
O
We
have
a
number
of
park
service
units
from
rocky
mountain
national
park
in
colorado,
dinosaur,
black
canyon
of
the
gunnison
coracante
arches,
canyonlands,
glen
canyon,
rainbow
bridge
parashant
and,
of
course,
lake
mead.
All
told
these
parks
sit
along
over
a
thousand
miles
the
river
and
generate
over
26.8
million
visitors
a
year.
O
Just
my
notes,
I'm
sorry
about
that,
sir.
So
all
told
we
serve
those
those
different
park
service
units
serve
about
26.8
million
visitors
a
year
generating
over
2.33
billion
dollars.
So
in
terms
of
recreation,
colorado
river
is
very
important
not
just
to
lake
mead,
but
to
the
the
larger
park
system
as
a
whole.
O
We
are
averaging
at
lake
mead,
national
recreation
area
about
8
million
visitors
a
year
which
makes
us
the
fifth
most
visited
park
service
unit
in
the
in
the
entire
system,
about
1.5
million
acres
more
and
more.
That
is
land
with
with
each
year
and
of
course,
we
we
are
sandwiched
between
two
states,
nevada
and
arizona,
and
have
two
lakes,
mojave
and
lake
mead.
O
We
have
incredible
archaeological
sites,
prehistoric
and
historic,
cultural
landscapes,
traditional
cultural
properties,
ethnographic
resources
and
a
significant
museum
collection.
Although
we
don't
have
a
museum
per
se
in
the
park
service,
we
support
museums
around
the
around
the
country,
our
archaeological
records.
Our
resources
include:
185,
000,
submerged
acres,
approximately
a
thousand
terrestrial
archaeological
sites,
only
about
five
percent
of
the
park
fully
surveyed.
Probably
there
are
tens
of
thousands
of
more
many
of
them
being
underwater,
which
will
be
re-emerging
as
the
lake
level
goes
down
tribal
connections.
O
Long
before
the
park
service
came
in
or
western
western
settlers
came
into
the
area,
learn
from
them
as
well,
not
just
in
terms
of
partnership,
but
look
at
their
traditional
knowledge
and
try
to
better
understand,
as
we
wrestle
with
the
changes
in
the
environment
that
we're
seeing
how
their
knowledge
of
this
area
may
be
very
beneficial.
In
that
effort,
I
mentioned
prehistoric
resources,
everything
from
artifacts
scatters
to
rock
art,
rock
shelters,
pueblos
and,
in
some
cases,
even
living
living
resources.
O
O
The
lake
lakely
recreation
area
also
protects
modern
era.
National
park
service
sites,
our
headquarters,
building
in
boulder
city,
is
on
the
national
register
overlooks
mission
66
sites
which
were
part
of
the
the
effort
sort
of
rebrand.
The
park
service
back
in
the
50s
and
60s
campgrounds
all
are
are
preserved
and
interpreted
by
the
park
service
and,
as
I
mentioned
earlier,
museum
collections,
which
have
over
100
000
objects
and
or
support
museums
in
university,
museums
and
and
other
museums
across
the
country.
O
But
the
big
issue
for
us
of
late
is,
of
course,
the
declining
water
and
its
impacts
to
water-based
recreation.
We
have
seen
significant
drops
in
the
last
really
two
years.
I
would
say
that
since
2000
we
have
averaged
roughly
12
feet
of
drop
a
year
in
the
last
two
years
that
has
accelerated
close
to
25
to
30
feet
of
drop
per
year,
and
the
park
service
is
working
to
deal
with
that.
O
We
run
into
the
risk
of
building
bridges
and
ramps
to
nowhere
where
we
may
have
a
project
completed.
It
served
nobody,
it
was
implemented,
and
so
what
our
solution
has
been
on
the
for
the
short
term
is
moving,
what
we
call
temporary
launch
facilities,
pipe
mat
and
in
locations
that
we
can,
which
allows
boaters
to
get
access
to
to
areas
like
hemingway
harbor.
But
the
reality
is.
If
you
look
at
2002,
the
park
service
in
2000
had
roughly
50
lanes
of
access
into
lake
mead.
O
Today
we
have
two:
we
had
10
launch
ramp
facilities
in
2000.
Today
we
have
one
again
at
hemingway
harbor.
We
will
be
working
hopefully
to
relocate
places
in
echo
bay
and
some
other
areas.
But
again
the
the
challenges
is,
is
certainly
the
planning
time
needed
to
do
these
and,
of
course
we
have.
We
have
good
plans,
but
the
speed
trying
to
interface
that
with
the
speed
with
which
the
water
is
dropping
and
and
the
reality
of
of
bathymetry
and
topography.
That
makes
things
challenging.
O
We
have
people
that
that
see
areas
and
say
you
know
why.
Why
can't
we
just
put
extend
the
ramp
further
out
and
the
reality
is
in
many
of
those
places.
The
the
the
angle
that
the
sea
the
lake
bed
drops
at
is
too
shallow.
You'd
have
to
drive,
and
you
see
it
even
now
today,
at
hemingway,
harbor
people
are
flooding
their
cars
practically
trying
to
get
out
into
the
water
as
best
they
can
or
we
are
in
areas.
O
Obviously,
we
have
maybe
less
on
the
nevada
side
than
on
arizona
but
impacts
to
communities.
Communities
like
mead
view
that
that
have
sprung
up
and
and
see
their
identity
as
being
tied
to
access
to
the
lake
and
in
those
areas
where
that
access
is
becoming
less
and
less
it
poses
challenges
and,
of
course,
impacts
to
economies.
O
The
the
the
concessionaires
and
business
owners
that
operate
the
marinas
here
on
lake
mead,
the
business
owners
in
clark
county,
the
boat
manufacturers,
the
vote
sellers
and
marine
suppliers
that
provide
recreational
equipment
for
people
are
also
impacted
and
concerned
by
this
from
the
resource
management
side.
As
visitors
get
into
the
lake
on
those
authorized,
ramps
they're
also
people
that
try
to
get
into
them
in
unauthorized
locations
and
that
can
cause
significant
damage
and
person
and
personal
safety
issues.
We
had
a
lady
that
literally
we
had
to
go
out
with
ladders.
O
She
was
stuck
up
to
her
waist.
She
was
birding,
but
the,
but
the
shoreline
may
be
here,
but
the
soil
is
so
wet
and
damp
that
you
sink
up
to
your
waste
and
mud,
looks
dry
and
people
are
trying
to
get
trailers
into
those
areas
and
trying
to
get
into
them,
which,
which
poses
a
you,
know,
a
risk
for
them,
but
also
a
challenge
for
the
park
service.
To
respond
to
that.
O
The
on
the
positive
side,
as
I
sort
of
alluded
to
earlier,
this
is
an
incredible
place
that
has
landscapes
that
cannot
be
seen
anywhere
else
in
the
world.
We
have
a
rich
cultural
history
here,
both
current
and
and
historic,
between
the
tribal
nations
that
have
occupied
this
area
in
the
modern
history,
and
so
the
park
services
is
as
we
continue
to
work
to
continue.
O
This
access
to
water
are
looking
to
ways
that
we
can
bolster
those
recreational
opportunities
with
new
trails,
trail
enhancements
new
interpretation
as
an
effort
to
continue
to
bring
people
to
this
area,
make
sure
that
they
have
an
enjoyable
experience
and
and
begin
to
shift
them.
Maybe
from
the
the
I
don't
want
to
say
more
traditional
view
of
access
to
the
lake
with
big
houseboats,
but
promoting
kayaking
and
smaller
watercraft
that
can
get
onto
the
lake
and
we'll
be
able
to
do
that
for
a
longer
period
of
time.
A
O
Ma'am
so
in
in
2000
a
private.
Well,
let's
go
back
further
that
1948
a
b-29
super
fortress
on
a
military
operation
hit
the
water.
The
pilot
was
blinded
by,
but
the
glare
was
was
doing.
A
very
low
flight
over
the
lake
hit,
a
propeller
hit
the
wing
and
the
airplane
went
down
into
the
water.
The
crew
survived,
they
got
out,
but
the
plane
was
lost
and
it
was
2000
early,
2000s,
2003
2004
that
the
aircraft
was
located,
but
it
is
protected
by
a
number
of
state
and
federal
laws
and
is
an
important
resource.
O
It
was
in
pristine
condition
in
in
2000
when
it
was
found
by
by
2005
or
six
quagga.
Mussels
had
begun
to
impact
that,
but
the
thing
that
really
kept
it
a
preserve,
a
pristine
archaeological
site
was
its
depth
at
250
feet.
Only
very
skilled
technical
divers
could
get
down
to
it.
Nonetheless,
the
park
service
worked
and
issued
a
commercial
use,
authorization
which
allowed
a
couple
of
dive
companies
to
to
escort
divers
nobody,
the
public's,
not
allowed
on
the
site
unescorted.
O
O
Of
course,
there
was
the
the
terrible
discovery
of
the
individual
that
had
been
found
in
the
barrel
and
then,
within
a
week,
a
another
private
group,
probably
with
all
good
intention,
putting
out
word
that
they
would
offer
a
a
5
000
reward
for
anybody
else.
That
could
go
out
there
and
look
for
other
human
remains
that
were
found.
O
The
problem
with
that
is
that
there
are
literally
hundreds
of
of
objects
and
artifacts,
including
50,
gallon
drums
that
were
left
over
from
the
construction
of
the
hoover
dam
that
are
archaeological
resources,
that,
to
the
untrained
eye,
looked
no
different
from
the
barrel
that
was
found
down
at
hemingway,
harbor
and
so
from
the
park
services
perspective.
What
we
don't
want
to
see
is
people
trying
to
help
us
do
advocational,
archaeology
and
potentially
ruining
sites.
O
O
A
O
Yes,
ma'am
agreed.
I
will
say
that
the
our
friends
with
you
know
another
takeaway
I
want
to
make
sure
is
that
the
public
understand
that
the
park
service
does
not
manage
the
water
on
lake
mead.
That's
that's
done
by
the
bureau
of
reclamation,
but
we
do
manage
the
recreation
on
lake
mead
and
what
we
have
seen
there
was
a
the
chart
on
the
water
levels.
You
know
we're
predicting
to
go
down
by
by
another
we're
about
10
48.
O
Now
today
we
anticipate
that
dropping,
probably
closer
to
about
10
35
by
the
fall
and
the
bureau
each
month
puts
out
a
highest
probability,
a
most
probable
and
at
least
on
a
lowest
probable
level.
These
models
diverge
the
further
out
you
get
in
time
more
and
more,
but
what
we
have
seen
is
that
more
and
more,
that
least
probable
is
the
most
accurate
number
when
we
look
back
and
and
looking
at
that,
it
is
possible
that
we
could
get
down
to
10
10
by
by
by
the
end
of
23..
O
So
when
you
start
talking
about
deadpool
and
the
ability
to
generate
power,
we're
getting
to
some
pretty
unprecedented
lake
levels
and
and
and
some
significant
infrastructure
investments
to
try
to
keep
up
with
that.
As
I
said,
the
biggest
challenge
make
sure
we're
not
wasting
taxpayers
money
and
that
we're
investing
that
money
wisely
so
that
we
get
more
than
six
months
worth
of
water
access
in
those
places
and
then
we're
back
high
and
dry.
B
O
Yeah,
it's
it's
an
excellent
question
and
you
you
hit
on
a
really
important
point
that
it's
v-shaped
for
them
I
mean
generally.
So
a
foot
of
water
10
years
ago
dropped
didn't
result
in
the
same
shoreline
that
we're
seeing
now.
If
you
have
a
foot
of
water
decline,
use
it
there's
it's
accelerating
more
and
more,
and
actually
the
last
speaker
began
his
presentation
talking
about
the
blue
dot
on
the
map
on
google,
which
is
now
in
grand
wash,
which
is
no
longer
has
water
in
it.
O
So
we
have
a
group,
that's
working
with
us
to
try
to
use
current
landsat
satellite
imagery
and
try
to
take
snapshots
that
are
more
monthly
so
that
we
can
begin
to
adjust
our
maps
or
all
of
our
public
information
and
ultimately
feed
that
to
places
like
google
so
that
they
have
a
more
accurate
representation
of
what
we're
what
you're
seeing
on
the
ground.
But
to
your
question
I
think
we
can
predict
it
pretty
well
where
we
have
when
we're
not
alone
in
this.
O
The
big
challenge
is
trying
to
predict
where
it's
going
to
be
beyond
24
months,
because
you
know
that
all
told
if
we,
where
the
plan
that
we
had
in
our
one
of
our
most
recent
eas
for
low
water
potentially,
could
have
resulted
in
hundreds
of
millions
of
dollars
of
investment
that,
if
that
had
been,
if
the
trigger
had
been
pulled
on
that,
I
don't
know
you
know,
the
thought
was
that
that
would
last
many
years.
I
don't
think
that's
the
thing.
O
I
believe
that
we
would
see
potentially
large
investments
that
wouldn't
wouldn't
get
you
that
much
time.
So
it's
trying
to
figure
out
where
we
can
put
the
money
to
serve
most
members
of
the
public,
and
I
think
the
shoreline
is
less
significant
to
us.
I
mean
it's
important,
but
in
terms
of
trying
to
do
predictions
it's
where
can
we
get
enough
angle
for
ramp
extensions
to
get
people
into
the
water.
A
Thank
you.
Yes,
with
that,
any
other
questions.
Seeing
none.
Thank
you
very
much
for
being
here
today
and
presenting
yes
ma'am.
I
know
that
lake
is
very
important
to
a
lot
in
the
valley
and
a
lot
of
surrounding
areas.
So
we
appreciate
you
being
here
so
that
committee
members,
I
think,
we'll
go
ahead.
It's
a
little
after
12.
Let's
go
ahead
and
take
a
break.
A
I
think
we'll
do
about
30
minutes,
knowing
that's
probably
a
legislative
30
minutes
and
there's
a
lot
of
people
out
there
that
need
to
go,
find
lunch,
so
we're
gonna
shoot
for
about
30
minutes
worth
and
then
be
back
to
take
up
item
number
eight
and
go
through
the
rest
of
our
agenda.
So
with
that
we
will
be
in
recess
until
what
is
it
12
37.
B
N
B
B
B
Q
B
R
R
F
B
A
All
right
good
afternoon,
I
think
we
can
go
ahead
and
come
out
of
recess
and
resume
the
meeting.
So
with
that
we
can
come
back
to
order.
I
believe
our
next
presentation,
under
order
of
business
number
eight,
is
a
presentation
on
the
truckee
meadows
water
basin.
I
think
we
have
mr
zimmerman
welcome.
Mr
zimmerman
come
up
and
get
situated
and
proceed
whenever
you
are
ready.
N
N
N
N
So
this
second
slide
in
your
package
just
is
a
quick
overview
of
the
truckee
meadows
water
authority.
As
far
as
how
many
citizens,
how
many
customers
we
have
our
annual
water
demand
and
acre
feet
about
83
000,
that's
predominantly
truckee
river
water,
but
we
also
have
ground
water
resources
and
then
something
unique
to
tom
was
we
have
three
operating
run
of
river
hydroelectric
plants
that,
on
an
annual
average
basis,
reduced
our
customer
cost
by
about
3.5
million,
so
it's
a
significant
resource
for
us.
N
The
third
slide
is
just
an
overview
of
the
truckee
river
system,
and
this
this
highlights.
You
know
how
how
fortunate
we
are
in
the
truckee
meadows
to
have
significant
upstream
storage,
starting
with
lake
tahoe.
Also,
you
see
donner
and
independence
lakes.
Those
are
two
tom
was
privately
owned:
storage
reservoirs
that
we
rely
on
when
there's
a
drought
on
the
system,
and
then
we
also
have
stampede
and
boca
reservoir
again.
The
truckee
river,
on
average,
creates
about
80
percent
of
tumwas
water
supply
and
then
about
20
percent.
N
Is
groundwater
we're
also
investing
in
supplemental
creek
water?
We
just
finished
the
mount
rose
water
treatment
facility
which
will
treat
creek
water
and
distribute
it
to
customers
in
that
area
and
that'll
help
with
in
that
area.
There's
significant.
There
was
significant
over
pumping
when
washoe
county
had
the
water
system
in
that
area,
and
it
really
drew
down
the
groundwater
levels,
but
since
tumor
has
taken
over
we've
pushed
more
surface
water
into
the
area,
it's
allowed
us
to
rest
those
wells
and
that
aquifer
is
really
rebounded,
and
so
the
mount
rose.
N
That's
okay.
I
can
proceed
the
fourth
slide
number
four.
This
is
just
gives
you
a
little
bit
of
perspective
as
far
as
how
many
what
percentage
of
water
tumwa
takes
out
of
the
truckee
river.
So
it's
about
three
percent
net
in
a
normal
year,
and
so
that's
net,
meaning
consumptive
use.
We
we
divert
a
little
more
than
that
from
the
river,
but
a
lot
of
it
returns,
there's
a
portion
of
it
that
returns
to
the
river
through
the
wastewater
and
water
reclamation
facility,
east
of
town
and
then
in
a
drought
year.
N
That
percentage
goes
up
to
about
nine
percent
and
that
really
highlights
the
benefit
of
the
truckee
river
operating
agreement
and
the
importance
of
it
to
the
region,
because
it
allows
us
to
continue
to
draw
the
same
amount
of
water.
We
need
we're
not
drawing
more
water
from
the
river.
It's
just
a
higher
percentage.
N
Slide
number
five
gets
into
what
our
water
supply
is
looking
like
this
year.
As
you
probably
all
know,
we've
experienced
the
third
straight
year
of
below
average
snowpack,
and
this
graph
shows
over
the
last
40
years,
there's
been
this
boom
and
bust
cycle
of
really
wet
years
and
then
really
dry
years,
and
that
was
part
of
the
reason
that
troa
came
in
to
be
was
to
help
tumwa
and
other
parties
on
the
system
really
operate
in
those
dry
years
to
be
able
to
rely
on
our
upstream
storage,
our
groundwater
recharge
to
get
through
those.
N
This
year,
the
water
year
starts
october
1st,
and
so
we
had
pretty
good
rainfall
in
october
a
great
december
and
then
all
of
a
sudden,
the
storm
spigot
just
shut
off.
So
we
came
into
the
year
at
225
percent
of
normal,
and
then
we
proceeded
to
have
the
three
driest
months.
On
record
january
february,
we
had
a
little
bit
of
extra
snowpack
building
in
april
that
helped
us
and
right
now
we're
projected
to
have
normal
truckee
river
flows
through
september,
even
into
early.
N
N
But
as
far
and
so
if
you
go
to
the
next
slide
slide
six,
this
just
shows
our
upstream
storage
and
it
really
highlights
you
know
by
july,
by
mid-july,
we're
estimating
about
67
000
acre
feet
in
upstream
storage,
and
you
go
back
to
the
first
couple
slides
where
we
talked
about
our
annual
diversion
from
the
rivers
around
seventy
three
thousand
acre
feet.
So
we
have
a
lot
of
upstream
storage,
and
this
is
all
credited
to
troa
the
truckee
river
operating
agreement.
N
It
gives
a
little
perspective
on
how
much
upstream
storage
we
actually
use,
and
so
the
the
red
in
the
bar
chart
shows
when
we've
actually
relied
on
our
upstream
storage,
to
meet
our
customer
demand.
And,
as
you
can
see
it's
it's
not
that
frequent.
So,
even
though
we
have
quite
a
bit
of
upstream
storage,
we
don't
rely
on
it.
That
often-
and
I
think
that
dates
back
to
on
the
truckee
river
system-
we've
been
dealing
with
droughts
for
the
entire
history
of
the
system.
N
Before
the
truckee
river
decree
was
adjudicated,
we
went
through
a
severe
drought
period
between
1928
and
1934,
and
so
the
parties
involved
at
that
time
were
going
through
shortage.
They
were
going
through.
Drought
and
river
did
not
begin
as
an
over-allocated
system,
and
then
over
time
our
customers
have
reduced
their
water
use.
N
Those
are
decreed,
truckee,
river
rice,
and
so
if
you
have
a
project,
no
matter
what
it
is,
and
you
want
to
water
service
from
tumwa,
you
have
to
dedicate
sufficient
water
rights
for
that
use
and
there's
only
a
finite
supply
of
truckee,
river
water
rights,
and
so
through
that.
I
think
it's
helped
allow
tumwa
to
operate
in
a
system
that
is
sustainable
and,
along
with
our
upstream
storage
reservoirs.
It
helps
us
get
through
those
really
severe
droughts.
N
N
But
these
ami
meters
will
allow
customers
once
they're
once
they're
installed
in
our
system
and
up
and
operating,
allow
our
customers
to
be
able
to
look
at
their
water
use
in
real
time
to
be
able
to
set
leak
alerts,
leak
alerts
if
they
want
to
set
it
at
a
certain
amount.
You
know
say
more
than
500
gallons.
You
know
in
a
couple
days
or
a
week,
however,
however
much
water
they
use-
and
I
think
that'll
also
you'll-
see
it
drive
down.
N
Customer
water
use
because
they'll
just
pay
attention
to
their
water
use
more
closely
and
it'll
also
help
them
detect
leaks.
We
also
have
water
conservation
consultants
that
our
customers
can
call
those
people
our
staff,
will
go
out
to
their
home
and
they'll
just
help
the
customers
investigate
where
they
might
have
a
water
leak,
whether
it's
just
a
leaky
toilet
or
a
water
leak
in
their
irrigation
system.
And
so
our
customers
find
that
very
helpful.
N
N
Historically,
they
were
not
fully
consumed,
so
some
of
that
water
got
back
to
the
river
and
that
water
is
counted
on
by
downstream
users
and
downstream
water
right
holders.
And
so
you
can't,
you
know,
continue
to
reuse
that
water,
even
though
it's
going
back
through
the
water
reclamation
process
and
so
tumble
will
just
ensure
that
those
there's
sufficient
substitute
water
rights
in
the
river
to
make
it
whole
for
downstream
users.
N
Another
project
we're
working
on
with
the
city
of
reno
is
an
advanced
purification
water
treatment
facility.
It's
in
it's
planned
in
the
north
valleys,
so
it
will
take
treated
effluent
from
the
reno
water
reclamation
facility
and
it
will
run
it
through
another
advanced
treatment
process
to
basically
make
it
treat
it
to
a
higher
standard
than
even
drinking,
and
then
that
water
will
be
recharged
in
that
aquifer,
basically
as
a
ground
water
bank
for
future
use,
and
as
it
goes
through
that
process
of
recharge,
it
goes
through
another.
N
N
Reuse
for,
in
that
case,
reno
and
then
another
interesting
project
is
the
palomino
valley,
recycled
water
study.
So
palomino
valley
is
in
the
warm
springs
groundwater
basin
and
what
we're
looking
at
there
is
to
assist
again
reno
and
sparks
with
their
water
reclamation
facility
deliver
treated
effluent
as
a
substitute
for
the
groundwater.
The
native
groundwater
in
that
basin
that
is
currently
being
used
to
irrigate,
irrigate
alfalfa,
and
so
the
concept
is
use
treated
effluent.
N
I'll
end
on
a
cheerful
note
is
the
the
ladybug
project.
So
this
is
a
project
to
that
we're
working
with
with
our
partners,
u.s
forest
service,
national
forest
foundation
and
others
to
help
forest
thinning
and
really
decrease
the
chance
of
substantial
wildfire
risk
in
our
upper
watershed.
Because
that's
where
our
upstream
storage
is
so,
we
have
to
protect
it,
and
so
I
just
have
a
few
slides,
showing
you
know:
fuels
reduction
near
independence,
lake
and
one
of
the
things
with
independence.
N
Lake
is
there's
a
very
good
synergy
with
tumwa
and
the
nature
conservancy,
because
tumwa
owns
water
rights
in
that
lake,
but
the
nature
conservancy
owns
the
land
around
it,
and
so
they
protect
it
from
development
and
any
pollution
getting
into
the
lake.
So
it's
a
real
win-win
for
both
of
us
and
that's
it
I'll
be
happy
to
take
any
questions.
Thank
you.
E
Thanks,
madam
chair
mr
zimmerman
a
very
interesting
presentation.
You
know
I've
watched
tumble
over
the
years.
I
go
back
to
sierra
pacific
power
days.
How
many
private
companies
still
exist,
as
you
guys
bought
up
almost
all
of
them?
I
think
what
you
have
someone
in
sun
valley
and
one
or
two
other
water
providers,
john.
N
N
Some
of
them
are,
you
know
one
well
system
supplying
a
restaurant
or
a
business,
but
over
time
tomorrow's
policy
is
to
be
proactive
and,
as
we
see
those
systems
and
as
those
systems
need
water
to
grow,
we
look
at
consolidating
them
and
using
state
revolving
loan
funds
to
assist
with
that
consolidation,
because
the
goal
is
for
tumwa
to
be
the
regional
water
manager,
the
regional
wider,
and
be
able
to
use
those
resources
as
efficiently
as
possible.
Yeah.
E
You've
done
a
great
job,
so
I'm
a
little
surprised,
there's
still
so
many
because
at
one
time
there
were,
you
know
a
couple
dozen
of
bigger
ones,
kind
of
almost
competitors
in
effect,
but
you
guys
have
bottom
up
and
ford.
I
can
tell
everybody's
very
very
happy
with
tumwa
and
its
performance.
One
thing
you
didn't
cover
in
your
presentation:
groundwater
recharge.
Now
you
mentioned
40
000
acre
feet,
palomino
valley.
How
much
do
you
currently?
Have
you
guys?
N
Is
john
zimmerman
for
the
record
so
since
our
recharge
program
has
been
in
operation,
I
think
since
the
early
90s
we
recharged
upwards
of
35
000
acre
feet
in
all
of
our
different
basins,
which
our
goal,
our
our
current
recharge
rate,
is
about
three
to
four
acre
feet
a
year,
and
our
goal
is
to
increase
that
to
about
nine
thousand
acre
feet
over
time.
It's
it's
difficult
to
find
a
basin
that
will
accept
the
water
or
enough
of
the
water.
N
You
all
there's
also
a
cost,
because
you
have
to
treat
that
water
before
you
inject
it,
but
we're
trying
to
through
active
recharge,
which
is
injection
trying
to
increase
the
efficiency
of
those
aquifers.
But
another
big
issue
is
just
our
conjunctive
use
where
we're
able
to
rely
on
truckee
river
flows
in
the
shoulder
months
and
really
rest
a
lot
of
our
groundwater
wells.
We
have
over
89
production
wells
in
our
system
and
so
resting
them
really
allows
that
aquifer
to
recover
and
be
there
for
us
when
we
need
it
in
a
drought.
E
Again,
you
guys
did
an
amazing
job.
I
was.
I
was
shocked
by
your
graph
number,
seven,
how
rarely
you
use
your
upstream
storage?
That's
a!
I
thought.
Those
things
are
like
drain
down.
Every
year
last
question
swan
lake
out
in
lemon
valley
been
a
huge
problem.
It's
in
my
district,
you
know
overflowing
and
everything
else
yeah
and
they're
building
treatment
plants
there.
At
the
same
time,
people's
houses
are
being
flooded.
Is
there
any
hope
that
somehow
tum
walk
and
develop
a
well
system
or
something
and
utilize
some
of
that
water,
even
as
reclaimed
water.
N
F
E
E
R
R
So
a
little
bit.
What
I'm
going
to
talk
about
is
our
water
rights
portfolio
a
little
bit
about
our
water
system,
what
we're
doing
water
conservation
do?
We
have
enough
water,
which
seems
to
be
the
big
question
nowadays
and
just
a
quick
summary
and
pictorial
history
of
the
valley?
Is
it's
grown
over
the
last
30
years,
so
our
portfolio,
our
water
rights
portfolio,
is
basically
50
percent
groundwater
rights.
We
have
12
271,
acre
feet
of
permitted
groundwater
rights
available
to
us.
R
A
little
bit
later
I'll
show
you
a
slide
that
we're
currently
pumping
about
seven
thousand
two
hundred
of
those
twelve
thousand
two
hundred
seventy
one
acre
feet
of
groundwater
rights.
We
also
have
surface
water
rights
on
the
virgin
river
through
the
mesquite
irrigation
company
and
the
bunkerville
irrigation
companies
who
own
the
water
rights
on
the
virgin
river.
In
that
area.
R
R
If
you
have
a
colored
picture
in
front
of
you
and
we
also
in
the
south
eastern
part
of
utah,
we
share
groundwater
basin
222
and
with
utah,
and
so,
but
we
have
the
lion's
share
of
the
land
massa
basin
222,
where
12
271
acre
feet
of
water
are
permitted
in.
But
we
are
relatively
unique
because
there's
not
very
very
many
other
basins
in
the
state
of
utah
that
have
multi-state
jurisdictions
involved
in
the
water
rights.
In
them
our
12
271
acre
feet
of
groundwater.
R
R
R
So
the
main
issue
for
us
is,
we
don't
rely
on
lake
mead
for
our
water
supply
and
we
do
have
water
rights
available
for
us.
As
far
as
the
virgin
river,
the
eight
thousand
eight
hundred
and
twenty
acre
feet
of
water
that
we
do
have
on
the
virgin
river.
I
mentioned
a
little
bit
ago.
We
currently
are
not
using
that
water
for
any
of
our
culinary
uses.
We
do
lease
a
lion's
share
of
that
to
either
golf
courses
or
southern
nevada
water
authority.
R
You
can
also
see
on
this
graph
here
that
southern
nevada
water
authority
is
the
major
water
right
holder
on
the
virgin
river.
They
currently
hold
roughly
about
83
percent
plus
or
minus
the
percent,
or
two
because
they've
been
making
some
transactions
lately
on
the
river
but
they're
the
majority
water
holder
on
the
virgin
river
and
those
shares
that
we
do
and
the
water
rights
we
do
have.
We
do
lease
to
them
for
their
intric.
O
R
R
As
I
mentioned,
we're
in
the
eastern
part
of
clark
county,
our
east
or
yeah
eastern
boundary
goes
almost
halfway
to
logandale
moapa
valley,
our
northern
ballot.
Our
northern
boundary
is
the
lincoln
county
clark
county
line.
Our
eastern
boundary
is
the
arizona
nevada
border
and
our
southern
boundary
is
the
virgin
mountains.
Basically,
where
the
northern
boundary
of
the
gold
view
national
monument
is
our
system's
fairly
complex
for
small
water
system.
We
serve
roughly
about
25,
000
people
and
and,
as
I
mentioned,
we're
growing.
R
We've
got
nine
production
wells
soon
to
be
11
of
them.
Our
biggest
issue
in
our
area
is
our
groundwater
is
full
of
arsenic
and
for
those
of
you
that
are
familiar
with
the
play
or
the
movie
arsenic
and
old
lace,
arsenic's,
not
a
healthy
thing
for
people
to
consume,
and
so
we
have
to
build
very
expensive
treatment
plants
to
remove
that
arsenic.
Of
course,
it
beneficially
use
that
water
for
human
consumption.
R
We
have
a
lot
of
pressure
differentiation,
there's
a
lot
of
elevation
differences
in
the
mosquito
area
and
therefore
it
makes
it
rather
difficult
to
manage
the
pressures
in
in
the
area,
and
the
interesting
thing
is
in
the
summer
time.
You
basically
don't
need
a
hot
water
heater
for
your
house,
because
the
water
comes
out
of
the
ground
at
80
degrees.
R
It
sits
in
above
ground,
steel
storage
tanks
and
gets
a
little
warmer
and
then,
when
it
comes
to
the
homes
in
the
ground,
our
pipes
are
only
about
36
to
42,
inches
deep
and
the
ground
is
very
hot
in
the
summertime.
So
a
lot
of
people
choose
to
turn
off
their
hot
water
heaters,
so
we
do
have
very
warm
groundwater.
R
This
slide
there's
a
red
dotted
line
towards
the
bottom.
The
public
expects
everything
that
happens
below
that
dotted
line
for
irrigation
for
sanitary
purposes,
for
recreating
and
and
so
on.
Above
the
line
is
what
it
takes
for
a
water
company
water
district
to
provide
all
that
stuff,
that's
below
the
red
dotted
line,
and
there
is
a
lot
of
it
and
the
next
slide
kind
of
gives
you
an
idea
of
what
the
cost
of
that
would
be.
R
So
if
you
were,
if
our,
if
our
water
system
didn't
exist
right
now,
and
we
hired
a
contractor-
and
this
doesn't
count
the
new
supply
chain-
inflation
issues
that
are
going
on.
But
if
a
contractor
came
and
built
our
water
system
from
scratch
today,
it
would
be
a
quarter
of
a
billion
dollars
of
infrastructure
that
need
to
be
built
to
meet
what
we
have
now
water
conservation.
R
R
We
were
on
a
fairly
healthy
growth
rate
in
mesquite
and
right
after
the
economy
crashed
you
can
see.
Things
have
pretty
much
gone
fairly,
steady,
however,
over
the
last
five
years,
if
you
can
see
the
green
line
there,
you
can
see
our
trend
rate
is
starting
to
creep
up
now
and-
and
this
next
slide,
that
I've
got
kind
of
presents
the
same
data
in
a
different
manner.
R
So
the
the
line
on
top
or
the
red
line
is
the
population
growth
in
mesquite
over
the
last
30
years.
The
blue
line
or
the
lower
line
is
the
water
that
we've
been
pumping
from
the
aquifer,
which
are
the
bars
in
the
previous
chart.
And
as
you,
if
you
take
a
look
over
the
last
10
years,
right
after
the
2008
to
2012
crash
when
things
started
to
recover,
you
can
see
that
our
population
has
been
has
grown
over
almost
50
to
50
percent
and
our
water
production
has
only
grown
by
10
percent.
R
That's
because
of
a
lot
of
water
or
a
lot
of
water
conservation
that
has
taken
place.
Most
of
the
homes
are
being
built.
All
the
homes
that
are
being
built
in
mesquite
are
zero,
escaped
or
a
desert
landscape,
there's
very
little
turf,
that's
being
built
and
a
lot
of
people
because
of
some
fairly
aggressive
rate
increases
that
we
had
to
do
in
2011
and
2015
to
get
our
budget
right.
R
Sized
a
lot
of
people
on
their
own
went
out
and
started
tearing
out
their
turf
because
of
the
the
higher
cost
of
water
to
irrigate
with.
We
do
have
a
four-tiered
increasing
rate
tier
structure,
which,
if
you
use
a
lot
of
water,
you
pay
a
lot
of
money
for
it.
So
a
lot
of
people
did
not
want
to
do
that.
R
R
Arizona
is
currently
at
82
gallons
per
capita
per
day,
which
I'm
not
sure
how
they
got
there
so
fast,
but
they've
done
a
remarkable
job
of
getting
to
where
they
need
to
be,
and
there's
been
a
lot
of
talk
about
what's
going
on
in
utah
or
what's
not
going
on
in
utah,
and
you
can
see
that
they're
currently
at
about
300
gallons
per
capita
per
day.
So
they
have
a
lot
of
water
conservation
that
I
think
that
they
really
took
a
hard
look
at
what
they
need
to
do
now.
R
At
that
time.
We'll
start
looking
at
developing
the
virgin
river
rights
that
we
have
take
a
look
at
developing
the
spring
water
we
have
and
if
we
need
to
we'll
also
seek
out
other
water
groundwater
opportunities
that
might
be
available
to
us
now.
This
is
just
a
graph
that
kind
of
shows
that
the
12
271
acre
feet
of
water
is
represented
in
the
orange
or
salmon
color.
R
There's
been
a
lot
of
studies
done
on
our
basin
over
the
last
30
years.
I
have
a
lot
of
covers
of
what
those
studies
look
like
jason
king
was
in
mesquite
in
2015
and
then
miss
fairbanks
was
there
last
year,
both
of
them
felt
very
comfortable
of
our
groundwater
rights
available
to
us
and
and
our
rate
of
pumpage,
and
they
don't
feel
that
we
have
an
issue
like
some
of
the
air
basins
in
nevada.
R
At
this
point-
and
we
are
currently
in
the
process
of
doing
someone
mentioned
earlier-
that
there
needed
to
be
some
updates
to
a
lot
of
the
state
engineers
perennial
yield
studies.
We
are
in
the
process
of
conducting
our
own
perennial,
perennial
yield
study
that
should
be
completed
in
the
next
three
to
four
years
and
hopefully,
we'll
have
some
good
data
that
comes
out
of
that.
That
will
be
helpful
for
the
state
engineers
office.
At
that
point,
how
do
we
know
that
our
aquifer
is
okay,
that
we're
not
over
pumping
our
aquifer?
R
R
Also,
we
have
nine
production
wells
which
we
monitor
the
water
levels
in
when
we
rest
those
wells.
We
measure
how
fast
the
offer
recovers
in
them,
16
monitoring,
wells,
groundwater
monitoring
wells
around
the
area
we
monitor
those
and
our
groundwater
is
not
dropped
at
all,
since
we've
been
monitoring
those
over
the
last
couple
of
decades.
R
R
R
A
lot
of
the
agriculture
had
disappeared
and
a
lot
of
houses
started
popping
up
and
the
north
side
of
the
freeway
started
growing
and
then
in
2017
by
then
one
more
golf
course
had
been
added
and
most
of
the
agriculture
has
had
disappeared
and
even
more
houses
were
really
good
at
growing
houses
and
mesquite
with
the
water.
We
do
have
available.
R
R
R
Vigilant
on
our
physical
and
cyber
security
issues,
there's
a
lot
of
issues
out
there
with
cyber
security
and
we're
dealing
with
a
golf
course
that
is
trying
to
abstain
with
some
of
our
water
rights
and
and
dealing
with
that.
So
our
takeaways
are.
We
are
growing
fast,
five
to
six
percent
growth
rate.
Our
water
resources
are
strong
and
capable
to
handle
the
growth
that
we
do
have
and
water
conservation
is
happening
in
mesquite.
So
with
that
I'll
stop
and
answer
any
questions
that
you
might
have.
Thank
you.
A
R
R
Running
short
of
available
water-
and
I
know
they
have
been
banking
on
a
lake
pile
pipeline
to
bail
them
out.
I
don't
believe
that
that
is
actually
ever
going
to
happen.
That's
my
opinion
for
a
variety
of
reasons,
number
one.
It's
very
costly
and
number
two
we're
hearing
a
lot
about
climate
change
and
what's
happening
at
lake
powell
and
availability
water
there.
R
A
F
A
Q
Q
At
that
time
it
was
in
cars,
clbsd
included,
douglas
county
carson
city
and
lyon
county
in
1999,
the
nevada
legislature
added
churchill
county
to
the
sub-conservancy,
then
in
2001
to
a
joint
powers,
agreement
alpine
county
joined
cwsd
as
a
partner
in
the
watershed,
and
then
last
year
legislature
then
brought
in
story
county.
So
we
actually
now
have
the
entire
watershed.
Working
cooperatively.
Q
Q
Q
Q
It
goes
through
carson
valley
and
then
flows
it
through
carson
city
down
the
line
county
and
then
to
lahontan
reservoir
from
lahontan
reservoir.
The
water
is
released
and
it
moves
down
into
churchill
county
later
on
I'll,
be
talking
a
little
bit
about
silver
springs
and
if
you're,
not
familiar
with
silver
springs
is
if
you
can
see
the
reservoir.
Q
Q
The
river
is
fully
appropriated.
That
means
that
every
drop
of
water
has
already
been
allocated
even
during
wet
dry
years.
It's
a
unique
it's
through
the
federal
decree
and
alpine
decree
and
is
monitored.
So
if
you
have
a
dry
ear,
the
water
is
allocated.
If
you
have
a
wet
year,
the
water
is
also
allocated
it's
a
very
unique
process
in
place
and
the
truckee
canal.
I
want
to
talk
about
that,
because
the
truckee
canal
is
critical
because
that
brings
water
from
the
truckee
river
over
into
the
lahontan
reservoir.
It
was
constructed
back
in
the
early.
Q
Q
So,
as
we
see
these
droughts
and
we
see
climate
change
and
everything,
it
is
actually
impacting
our
agricultural
community,
which
is
a
critical
element
of
open
space
view,
space
and
also
recharge
and
everything
else
in
this
area.
So
agriculture
is
a
critical
element,
that's
being
dealt
with
the
groundwater
basins.
I
said
there
were
five
of
them.
Every
one
of
them
was
over
appropriated.
Q
The
good
news
is
that
all,
but
four
are
not
being
over
pumped,
so
we'll
have
some
leeway
in
there
there's
only
one
basin
that
has-
and
it's
just
very
close
to
being
over
pumped
again
no
large
upstream
storage
so
really
depends
on
what
mother
nature
gives
us.
We
have
to
depend
year
to
year
we
had
flooding
in
2017
and
we
are
in
a
major
drought.
Now,
in
theory,
we
could
be
flooding
in
january
and
being
a
drought
in
july,
so
we
have
to
learn
as
we
adapt
our
plans
to
be
able
to
handle
those.
Q
We
have
some
water
quality
problems
when
the
water
gets
this
low
in
a
river,
it's
hard
to
keep
maintain
even
a
fishery.
A
part
of
this
is
supposed
to
be
a
cold
water
fishery,
but
if
you
don't
have
any
water
in
the
river,
it's
very
hard
to
maintain
that
wet
water
versus
paper
water,
I'm
going
to
get
in
a
little
more
detail
on
this,
because
this
is
a
critical
element
in
our
watershed.
If
we're
dealing
with
issues
surface
and
groundwater
interaction,
this
has
become
more
of
a
hot
topic.
You've
already
heard
about
it.
Q
Q
We
have
people
coming
to
the
area.
How
can
you
handle
those
demands
when
you
already
have
so
many
people
coming
through
a
couple
things?
I
wanted
to
point
out
on
the
groundwater
basins
and
we
talked
about
perennial
yield
and
we've
had
perennial
studies
done
on
all
five
groundwater
basins
in
our
watershed,
printing
yield
is
a
good
start,
but
it's
not
a
good
indicator.
How
much
water
is
really
available
and
that's
something
that
we're
concerned,
especially
when
you
have
a
river
that
goes
right
through
the
groundwater
basins.
Q
Q
So
a
lot
of
people
talk
about
the
climate
or
how
low
the
water
is
or
everything
else.
I
will
assure
you
that,
right
now,
unless
there
was
a
well
that
went
out
that
every
water
purveyor
has
enough
water
to
meet
their
demands,
in
fact,
we
are
using
the
water.
Purveyors
are
using
less
water
today
than
they
were
20
years
ago
same
as
what's
happened
in
southern
nevada,
so
we're
actually
seeing
less
water
being
used,
so
we're
able
to
stretch
those
waters
further.
Q
So
let's
talk
a
little
bit
about
wet
versus
paper
water
rights.
This
is
the
churchill
valley,
groundwater
basin.
This
is
the
silver
springs
area
we
talked
about
and
you
can
see.
This
is
from
the
pumping
inventory
that
the
state
engineer
puts
out,
and
you
can
see
the
committed
groundwater
rights
for
ag
for
irrigation.
You
have
a
little
over
3
500,
acre
feet
of
water,
that's
committed!
Q
You
have
145
acre
feet
for
stock
watering
industry
and
commercial
use.
The
quasi-miscible
has
over
5300
acre
feet
of
water
rights
for
a
total
of
9045
acre
feet,
so
in
2020
the
pumping
actually
occurred.
Irrigation
was
about
365,
so
about
10
percent
of
what
they
have
available
to
them
same
with
the
industrial
commercial.
Only
44
the
quasi-admissible
used
less
than
500
acre
feet
that
year,
the
biggest
user
in
that
watershed
or
groundwater
basin
is
domestic
wells.
Q
I've
been
going
there
20
years
and
giving
the
same
speech
is
that
you
may
have
water
on
paper,
but
you
don't
have
wet
water
and
if
you
start
trying
to
develop
that
water,
either
you're
going
to
be
have
to
be
far
enough
away
from
the
river,
because
the
cars
river
goes
by
that
you're
not
going
to
impact
it,
but
there's
no
water
there
or
you
have
to
get
close
to
the
river
to
be
able
to
pump
it.
And
if
you
do,
you
got
people
downstream
are
going
to
fight
you
on
that.
Q
So
really
they
have
to
understand.
Is
they
only
have
so
much
water
available
and
they
probably
have
reached
that
level
at
this
point?
So
if
we're
going
to
develop
that
area,
we're
going
to
have
to
find
alternative
sources
to
come
to
that
community,
the
other
thing
is
runoff
changes
or
climate
change.
Q
This
was
done
by
dri
for
us
back
in
2010
and
what
they
did
was.
They
took
the
streamflow
records
on
the
east
fork
of
the
carson
river,
and
this
is
basically
upstream
almost
every
diversion.
There's
a
few
storage,
but
there
all
the
agriculture
and
all
the
diversions
out
of
the
river
is
below
this
point
and
what
they
did
was
they.
They
took
this
record
from
1941
to
2009.
Q
So
there
is
more
water
now
coming
off
in
march
than
you
saw
on
the
earlier
part
of
the
period
and
when
you
get
to
june
it
switches,
but
there
is
actually
historically
more
water
coming
down
than
we
see
today.
So
we're
already
seeing
climate
change
having
an
impact
on
our
runoff,
which
again
is
if
you
have
no
upstream
storage.
How
do
you
plan
for
that
and
how
you
meet
those
supplies.
Q
So
developing
that
we
have
a
working
group,
we
have
every
water
provider
purveyor
in
there
of
the
13
major
ones.
We
have
state
federal
counties,
irrigation
users
and
other
interested
parties.
If
we're
going
to
develop
a
plan,
that's
for
the
whole
watershed.
We
need
to
make
sure
that
everyone
is
able
to
participate.
Q
We're
utilizing
some
of
the
tools
that
have
been
developed
over
the
last
couple
years.
The
usgs
has
the
upper
and
middle
carson
river
models.
These
models
were
developed
for
other
purposes,
but
what
they
do
is
they
look
at
groundwater
pumping
and
the
interaction
of
surface
water,
so
we
can
actually
see
in
the
future
if
you
start
putting
a
well
out
there
and
you're
going
to
start
pumping
the
water.
Q
What's
the
impact
to
the
surface
water,
so
this
will
give
us
a
tool
to
see
is,
as
we
start
planting
as
the
entities
upstream
start
developing
the
resources
when
they
put
it
in
this,
will
it
have
an
adverse
effect
on
them?
If
it
does,
we
need
to
identify
it
we'll
be
looking
at.
We
talked
about
municipal
future
demands
and
their
sources.
Q
Where
is
it
coming
from
then
we're
going
to
develop
a
30-year
plan,
and
this
30-year
plan
will
look
at
shortfalls
and
potential
conflicts,
and
once
we
have
those
identified,
we
will
start
work
at
we
have
infrastructure.
Do
we
need
to
move
more
pipes
and
move
water
around
to
meet
those
needs
to
ensure
that
someone's
future
planning
does
not
adversely
affect
a
neighbor
downstream.
Q
Q
I
wanted
to
see
on
that
one,
even
though
I
focused
on
municipal
water
and
demands.
When
we
do
a
study,
we
look
at
all
major
users.
It's
the
balancing
act
of
water
resources.
If
you
take
water
from
one
and
just
give
it
to
another
you're
going
to
adversely
affect
them,
I
call
it
a
three-legged
stool.
We
want
to
make
sure
we
have
a
balance
through
a
stool.
Q
So
even
though
we
have
these
plants
coming
in
place
or
municipalities,
we
do
look
at
the
environment
and
we
look
at
our
agricultural
to
make
sure
that
we
don't
have
a
plan.
That's
going
to
adversely
affect
another
party
as
we
move
forward,
so
that
was
short
and
sweet,
a
lot's
going
on
and
for
the
next
three
or
four
years
we'll
be
working
on
this
plan.
A
I
think
the
first
question
I
would
have
mr
james
is
so
at
the
beginning
we're
talking
about
if
it's
a
wet
year,
it's
all
allocated
if
it's
a
dry
year,
so
you
don't
have
the
opportunity
to
save
up
for
a
rainy
day,
I'm
going
to
get
right
back
at
you
here.
So
I
just
I
I
didn't
remember
a
conversation
with
you
before.
That
was
something
that
just
struck
me
as
new.
I
always
thought
that
you
had
an
opportunity
for
storage.
Q
We've
had
people
in
the
past
saying.
Well,
once
you
build
a
upstream
storage,
the
problem
is,
if
you
have
a
reservoir,
that's
dry,
99
years
out
of
100,
you
can't
justify
the
cost
and
also
the
environmental
impact
to
build
a
large
reservoir
on
a
river
is
prohibited.
You
cannot
do
it
if
you
look
at
every
major
reservoir,
that's
being
built
today
in
the
west,
none
of
them
are
on
a
major
stream
they're
all
off
channel,
because
the
environmental
impacts
are
huge.
Q
Q
So
it's
a
system-
that's
been
built
on
this
for
the
last
hundred
years
and
that's
how
we
live
with
it,
and
so
we
deal
with
basically
a
wet
year
dry
year.
We
have
to
deal
with
it
every
year
and
really
is
a
year
to
year
operation.
We
don't
have
a
terminal
lake
at
the
bottom,
so
we
don't
have
to
worry
about
that
impact.
So
it's
going
to
be
operational
year
after
year.
E
Thanks,
madam
chair,
a
couple
back,
your
slide
on
wet
water
versus
paper,
water,
1300,
acre
feet
of
domestic
use.
Is
there
any
kind
of
recharged
credit
given
to
I
mean
if
you're
pulling
water
out
of
a
out
of
a
well?
Typically,
it
goes
to
a
septic
tank
and
there's
got
to
be
a
certain
percentage
that
water
that
will
percolate
back
into
the
aquifer.
Is
there
I
know
it's
like
southern
nevada
water
says
they
use
242
000
acre
feet
because
they
use
they
get
like
a
200.
Q
For
the
record,
ed
james,
we
have
not
looked
at
that
details.
I'm
sure
there
is
some
recharge.
We
have
other
communities
in
the
upper
watershed
that
are
all
on
wells
and
septics.
Their
other
tables
are
dropping
and
their
nitrate
levels
are
going
up
because
of
their
septics.
But
if
you
got
rid
of
the,
if
you
got
rid
of
the
septic
tanks
and
put
everyone
in
sewer,
the
water
levels
would
drop
even
quicker.
So
those
are
issues
that
we're
aware
of
we've
not
done
the
study
up
here.
Q
This
estimate
is
more
from
the
state
engineer.
You
know.
Even
though
you're
allowed
two
acre
foot
per
edu
or
domestic
well,
they
estimate
an
acre
foot
water
being
used
there.
So,
probably,
even
though
we're
upside
down
a
little
bit
here,
we're
probably
not
having
impact
today,
but
because
we're
only
at
1600,
you
start
getting
much
higher
in
there.
You're
gonna
have
a
real
problem.
The
main
focus
of
this
is
that
there's
a
lot
of
paper
water
right
out
there
that
people
own
that
they'll
never
be
able
to
develop
and
use.
E
All
right,
well
yeah,
it's
a
it's
an
interesting
dilemma,
because
obviously
nitrates
issue
with
I
mean
yeah
you're,
recharging
aquifer,
but
you're
recharging
it
with
polluted
water.
Basically,
you
ever
read
the
book
conflict
on
the
carson.
I,
yes,
I
have.
Okay,
that's
my
next
question.
This
has
been
going
on
a
long
time
that
book
was.
It
goes
back.
Madam
chair,
just
you
know
clear
back
to
the
comstock
days,
they've
been
fighting
about
carson
city
water
back
then
it
was
the
mills
versus
the
upstream
water
users,
so
nothing
new
on
this
watershed.
Q
Q
E
Okay,
because
I
was
going
to
say
most
the
time
I've
been
in
the
legislature
you're
the
man
that,
when
it
comes
to
the
carson
river
you're,
the
expert,
but
anyway
it
seems
to
me,
like
you
guys,
are
doing
the
best
you
can.
It
is
a
shame.
You
can't
come
up
with
some
upstream
storage,
and
I
can
independence
like
kind
of
a
thing
for
for
tumwa
would
be
fantastic
for
you.
Is
there
any
possibility
of
using
recharge
systems
in
any
of
any
of
the
aquifers
that,
on
your
in
your
five
groundwater
basins,.
Q
For
the
record,
ed
james,
we're
actually
reusing
our
water
100
already,
so
every
every
major
wastewater
treatment
has
storage
ponds
because
they
use
the
water
typically
for
irrigation.
It
could
be
for
parks,
agriculture,
golf
courses,
and
so
they
during
the
winter
time
they
have
to
store
it.
In
fact,
we
import
quite
a
bit
of
water
from
tahoe
lake
tahoe
because
they
can't
discharge
there.
So
we
actually
have
three
major
wastewater
facilities
that
pump
water
over
and
into
our
watershed.
Q
So
we
utilize
all
those
what's
interesting
back
in
the
droughts
in
2015
or
14.
Carson
city
ran
out
of
water,
but
they
didn't
run
out
of
portable
water.
They
ran
out
of
reclaimed
water.
They
actually
had
to
take
their
parks
that
were
taking
reclaimed
water
off
the
reclaimed,
water
and
put
them
back
on
portable
water
because
they
had
they
had
plenty
of
portable
water,
but
not
enough
reclaimed.
Water
to
be
able
to
irrigate
the
parks
and
not
because
of
conservation.
The
amount
of
water
actually
going
to
the
wastewater
plant
had
dropped
significantly.