Numenta / General Neuroscience

In the last live-stream Jeff did at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7ot3eNz3aw, I stopped the stream and the conversation kept going! I should have kept rolling, but here is a backup recording from Marcus's computer in case you would like to watch.

Jeff Hawkins describes minicolumns and Spatial Pooling. Discussion at https://discourse.numenta.org/t/jeff-on-minicolumns-spatial-pooling/6401.

Jeff Hawkins gives a talk about how he thinks about neurons and modeling them. This will be focused on internal engineers, but Jeff is fine with us live-streaming it as well.

Discussion at https://discourse.numenta.org/t/how-to-model-neurons-with-jeff-hawkins/6350

Subutai will quickly review Elon Musk & Neuralink's new paper and we will discuss. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/703801v1

Bruno Olshausen, Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience.
Presented at the IS4SI 2019 Summit in Berkeley, California. https://is4si.org

Broadcasted live on Twitch -- Watch live at https://www.twitch.tv/rhyolight_

What do we know about cortical columns? A neuroscience (and artificial intelligence) discussion with Jeff Hawkins of Numenta.

This is a guest talk part of MIT course 6.S099: Artificial General Intelligence. This class is free and open to everyone. Our goal is to take an engineering approach to exploring possible paths toward building human-level intelligence for a better world.

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An overview of the Neocortex, including the main lobes, regions and basic circuity, including a description of how each layer processes information, using the visual cortex as an example.

00:38 Lisa’s new book How Emotions are Made
14:11 Can we truly feel an emotion before we can name it?
31:06 Is it true that the !Kung people feel no fear?’
41:42 Fear in the body, the brain, and in concept
49:46 Do animals have emotions as we know them?
59:09 Lisa’s advice for young scientists: Keep it empirical

Robert Wright (Bloggingheads.tv, The Evolution of God, Nonzero, Why Buddhism Is True) and Lisa Feldman Barrett (How Emotions are Made, lisafeldmanbarrett.com)

Recorded on August 22, 2017

Join the conversation on MeaningofLife.tv: http://meaningoflife.tv/videos/38997

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This video introduces a new concept in HTM theory about sensorimotor inference with multiple layers in one region of cortex.

You should have some background in HTM before understanding these videos. See http://numenta.org/htm-school/ for more videos explaining basic HTM theory.

Music: "Holy Roller" by YACHT
(used with permission from Free Music Archive)

Structure of a Neuron.
The nervous system helps to sense things around us.
Neuron is also known as the nerve cell and is the basic building block of the nervous system.
Neurons help in receiving, processing and transmitting information.
3 components of neuron are Cell body or soma, Dendrites an Axon.
Cell body consists of the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
Dendrites are short projections or extensions that stretch out of the cell body.
Axon is a long, thread like projection of the neuron. It has an insulating and protective sheath called myelin sheath. Myelin sheath is made up of fats and proteins.
The neurons carry messages in the form of electrical signals called nerve impulses. Dendrites pick up impulses from receptors and pass it to the cell body. The impulses then travel along the axon.
Axon passes these impulses to another neuron through a junction called the synapse. The impulses are carried from one neuron to another. These impulses are finally delivered to the brain or the spinal cord.

MIT 9.04 Sensory Systems, Fall 2013
View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/9-04F13
Instructor: Chris Brown

This video introduces the auditory cortex, including its physiology and role in sound localization. Also discussed is the pitch area.

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms
More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu

The awareness of one's location and how to find the way to other places is crucial for both humans and animals. In 2005 May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser discovered a type of cell that is important for determining position close to the hippocampus, an area located in the center of the brain. They found that when a rat passed certain points arranged in a hexagonal grid in space, nerve cells that form a kind of coordinate system for navigation were activated. They then went on to demonstrate how these different cell types cooperate.

Edvard and May-Britt Moser's discoveries - in particular the "grid cells" which the magazine Science described as the most important finding in the field for two decades - are quite remarkable. They have shown how the brain calculates the position of the organism in its spatial environment, completely overturning prior conventional thinking in the field.

Read more about it here:
https://www.ntnu.edu/kavli

Lectura Plenaria dictada por Michael Berry (Princeton U, USA) en el Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaíso (ISCV, www.iscv.cl), el día 22 de enero de 2010, en el marco de la VIII Escuela de Verano en Sistemas Complejos LACONEU 2010 (Latin American Summer School in Computational Neuroscience and Biomedical Applications). Más información: http://www.cnv.cl/laconeu2010/laconeu2010.htm

Lectura Plenaria dictada por Michael Berry (Princeton U, USA) en el Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaíso (ISCV, www.iscv.cl), el día 22 de enero de 2010, en el marco de la VIII Escuela de Verano en Sistemas Complejos LACONEU 2010 (Latin American Summer School in Computational Neuroscience and Biomedical Applications). Más información: http://www.cnv.cl/laconeu2010/laconeu2010.htm

Courses on Khan Academy are always 100% free. Start practicing—and saving your progress—now: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/human-biology/neuron-nervous-system/v/anatomy-of-a-neuron

Neurons (or nerve cells) are specialized cells that transmit and receive electrical signals in the body. Neurons are composed of three main parts: dendrites, a cell body, and an axon. Signals are received through the dendrites, travel to the cell body, and continue down the axon until they reach the synapse (the communication point between two neurons). Created by Sal Khan.

Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/human-anatomy-and-physiology/nervous-system-introduction/v/overview-of-neuron-structure?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=healthandmedicine

Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/human-anatomy-and-physiology/nervous-system-introduction/v/introduction-to-neural-cell-types?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=healthandmedicine

Health & Medicine on Khan Academy: No organ quite symbolizes love like the heart. One reason may be that your heart helps you live, by moving ~5 liters (1.3 gallons) of blood through almost 100,000 kilometers (62,000 miles) of blood vessels every single minute! It has to do this all day, everyday, without ever taking a vacation! Now that is true love. Learn about how the heart works, how blood flows through the heart, where the blood goes after it leaves the heart, and what your heart is doing when it makes the sound “Lub Dub.”

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